Table 3.
Anti-dengue effects of potent natural products/extracts
| Natural products/Extracts | Virus strain | Culture | Proposed mechanism | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aqueous leaf extract (Azidarachta indica) | DENV-2 | C6/36 cells | Undefined | [37] |
| Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, ethyl ether and coumane (Alternanthera philoxeroides) | DENV | C6/36 cells | Undefined | [37] |
| Flavonoids and cyclohexenyl (Boesenbergia rotunda) | DENV-2 | C6/36 cells | Inhibition of dengue-2 virus NS3 protease | [37] |
| Narasin | DENV-2 | Huh-7 cells | Disrupts viral protein synthesis | [37] |
| Quercetin | DENV-2 | C6/36 cells | Inhibits viral replication | [37, 38] |
| Polyphenol (Sambucus nigra) | DENV-2 | BHK-21, VERO cells | Undefined | [37] |
| Ethanol extract of leaves (Senna angustifolia, Tridax procumbers), and methanol extract of leaves (Vernonia cinerea) | DENV-2 | VERO cells | Undefined | [37] |
| Baicalein | DENV-2 | VERO cells | Virucidal activity against extracellular virus | [37] |
| Chebulagic acid and punicalagin (Terminalia chebula) | DENV-2 | VERO cells | Inactivate free virus particles and inhibit early viral entry | [37] |
| Schisandrin (Schisandra chinensis) | DENV | VERO cells | Inhibits DENV replication | [37] |
| 4-hydroxypanduratin A | DENV-2 | – | Virucidal activity | [22, 39] |
| Ursolic acid | DENV-2 | Huh-7, BHK-21, A549 HEK-293 T | Virucidal activity | [40] |
| luteolin | DENV-2 | Huh-7, BHK-21, A549 HEK-293 T | Virucidal activity | [40] |
| Indirubin | DENV-2 | Huh-7, BHK-21, A549 HEK-293 T | Virucidal activity | [40] |
| Apigenin | DENV-2 | Huh-7, BHK-21, A549 HEK-293 T | Virucidal activity | [40] |
| Esculetin | DENV-2 | Huh-7, BHK-21, A549 HEK-293 T | Virucidal activity | [40] |
| Oleanolic acid | DENV-2 | C6/36 | Virucidal activity | Present study |