Table 1.
ART-related history and the prevalence of resistance-associated mutations (RAMs)
| 2DR (N = 131) | 3DR (N = 132) | |
|---|---|---|
| Duration of ART [years]; median (IQR) | 5.1 (3.5–8.3) | 5.5 (3.4–8.4) |
| Prior INSTI usea; n (%) | 9 (6.9) | 13 (9.8) |
| History of ≥ 2 NRTI changes; n (%) | 22 (16.8) | 33 (25.0) |
| History of ≥ 2 PI changes; n (%) | 17 (13.0) | 12 (9.1) |
| History of ≥ 2 ART changes; n (%) | 27 (20.6) | 45 (34.1) |
| Any major/minor RAM; n (%) | 49 (37.4) | 50 (37.9) |
| NRTI RAMs; n (%) | 13 (9.9) | 12 (9.1) |
| NNRTI RAMs; n (%) | 20 (15.3) | 18 (13.6) |
| Any major/minor PI RAM; n (%) | 38 (29.0) | 41 (31.1) |
| PI RAM, major (± minor); n (%) | 5 (3.8) | 4 (3.0) |
| PI RAM, minor; n (%) | 33 (25.2) | 37 (28.0) |
RAMs prior to baseline (in one or several cases): NRTI RAMs (M41I, M41L, A62V, D67N, T69N, T69S, K70R, V75I, F77L, Y115F, F116Y, M184I, Q151M, M184V, T215C, T215D, T215E, T215F, T215I, T215S, T215Y, K219E, K219Q); NNRTI RAMs (V90I, K101E, K101P, K101Q, K103N, K103R, V106I, V108I, E138A, E138K, V179D, V179E, V179I, V179T, Y181C, Y181V, Y188L, V189I, G190A, M230I); major PI RAMs (based on HIVdb version 8.9-1 as of 2019-10-25) [10]; D30N, V82F, V82S, V82T, N88S, L90M); and minor PI RAMs (L10I, L10M, L10V, K20I, K20M, K20R, K20T, L33F, L33V, E35D, M36I, M36L, R41K, K43T, I62V, L63P, H69K, A71I, A71L, A71T, A71V, T74S, V77I, N88D)
aPrior INSTI use, n: raltegravir, 16; elvitegravir/cobicistat, 5; dolutegravir, 4; (n = 3 with prior use of two INSTIs)