Table 3.

Multivariable linear regression for body mass index and fruit juice/soft drink consumption, by country

Country	Exposure	Intake level	n	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3
				β coeff.	95% CI	P value	β coeff.	95% CI	P value	β coeff.	95% CI	P value
Czech	Fruit juice	Never	3505	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 day−1	3796	−0.68	−0.89, −0.47	<0.001	−0.49	−0.70, −0.28	<0.001	−0.30	−0.50, −0.09	0.005
		≥1 day−1	442	−0.83	−1.28, −0.39	<0.001	−0.69	−1.17, −0.24	0.002	−0.42	−0.86, 0.02	0.060
	SSB	Never	3621	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 day−1	2386	−0.16	−0.39, 0.08	0.195	−0.14	−0.37, 0.09	0.233	0.20	−0.02, 0.44	0.081
		≥1 day−1	1734	−0.02	−0.28, 0.24	0.903	−0.21	−0.47, 0.04	0.103	0.28	0.02, 0.54	0.037
	ASB	Never	5697	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 day−1	1480	0.57	0.31, 0.82	<0.001	0.57	0.32, 0.82	<0.001	0.48	0.23, 0.73	<0.001
		≥1 per day	564	1.82	1.43, 2.20	<0.001	1.70	1.32, 2.08	<0.001	1.47	1.09, 1.84	<0.001
Russia	Fruit juice	Never	3672	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 per day	4992	0.14	−0.09, 0.36	0.236	0.18	−0.05, 0.40	0.127	0.13	−0.10, 0.35	0.267
		≥1 per day	554	0.65	0.18, 1.11	0.007	0.77	0.30, 1.25	0.001	0.75	0.28, 1.21	0.002
	SSB	Never	7142	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 per day	1903	0.48	0.15, 0.68	0.002	0.33	0.06, 0.59	0.015	0.49	0.23, 0.75	<0.001
		≥1 per day	173	1.39	0.61, 2.17	<0.001	1.31	0.53, 2.09	0.001	1.38	0.62, 2.15	<0.001
	ASB	Never	8961	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 per day	205	0.99	0.28, 1.71	0.007	0.98	0.27, 1.70	0.007	0.74	0.04, 1.44	0.039
		≥1 per day	52	−0.01	−1.42, 1.40	0.985	−0.02	−1.42, 1.38	0.978	−0.27	−1.64, 1.11	0.704
Poland	Fruit juice	Never	2477	ref.			ref.			ref.
		<1 per day	5456	−0.05	−0.27, 0.17	0.629	0.12	−0.10, 0.34	0.299	0.20	−0.02, 0.41	0.074
		≥1 per day	1742	−0.06	−0.34, 0.23	0.685	0.21	−0.08, 0.50	0.153	0.25	−0.03, 0.54	0.082
	SSB	Never	7935	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.
		<1 per day	1468	0.21	−0.05, 0.48	0.114	0.21	−0.05, 0.48	0.108	0.41	0.16, 0.67	0.001
		≥1 per day	272	0.58	0.02, 1.14	0.042	0.53	−0.03, 1.08	0.062	0.83	0.29, 1.37	0.003
	ASB	Never	8156	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.	ref.
		<1 per day	908	0.26	−0.06, 0.58	0.109	0.21	−0.10, 0.53	0.19	0.30	0.00, 0.61	0.051
		≥1 per day	611	0.80	0.42, 1.18	<0.001	0.80	0.38, 1.14	<0.001	0.62	0.26, 0.99	0.001

ASB, artificially sweetened beverages; CI, confidence interval; coeff., coefficient; ref., reference; SSB, sugar‐sweetened beverages.

Model 1: Adjusted for: age + sex. Model 2: model 1 + education + marital status. Model 3: Model 2 + smoking + alcohol consumption + physical activity + energy consumption + fruits and vegetables consumption + cardiovascular disease or cancer in medical history + diabetes in medical history. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.