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Primary bile acids after being secreted from the hepatocytes into the bile, are reabsorbed in the terminal ileum via the apical-sodium dependent bile acid transporter. The increased intracellular concentration of BAs is sensed via FXR and lead to the production of fibroblast growth factor 19 and to its secretion into the portal circulation. FGF19 binds FGF4 on hepatocytes surface and lead to the downregulation of Cyp7A1 and in turn inhibiting de-novo primary bile salt synthesis.
