Table 1.
Distribution of vaccine hesitancy and vaccination rate by participant demographics and health-related characteristics.
| Characteristics | Participants (N=2531), n (%) | Vaccine hesitancy | Vaccination rate | ||||||
|
|
|
Vaccine hesitancy, n (%) | ORa (95% CI) | P value | Vaccination, n (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age (years) | |||||||||
|
|
18-29 | 926 (36.6) | 412 (44.5) | 1 |
|
75 (8.1) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
30-39 | 993 (39.2) | 467 (47.0) | 1.11 (0.93-1.33) | .27 | 110 (11.1) | 1.41 (1.04-1.92) | .03 | |
|
|
40-49 | 410 (16.2) | 163 (39.8) | 0.82 (0.65-1.04) | .11 | 55 (13.4) | 1.76 (1.22-2.54) | .003 | |
|
|
50-59 | 202 (8.0) | 78 (39.6) | 0.79 (0.58-1.07) | .13 | 24 (11.9) | 1.53 (0.94-2.49) | .09 | |
| Gender | |||||||||
|
|
Male | 1045 (41.3) | 422 (40.4) | 1 |
|
116 (11.1) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Female | 1486 (58.7) | 698 (47.0) | 1.31 (1.11-1.53) | .001 | 148 (10.0) | 0.89 (0.69-1.15) | .36 | |
| Marital status | |||||||||
|
|
Married | 1660 (65.6) | 725 (43.7) | 1 |
|
187 (11.3) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Not married | 871 (34.4) | 395 (45.4) | 1.07 (0.91-1.26) | .42 | 77 (8.8) | 0.76 (0.58-1.01) | .06 | |
| Educational level | |||||||||
|
|
High school degree and below | 204 (8.0) | 83 (40.7) | 1 |
|
9 (4.4) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Bachelor’s degree | 1609 (63.6) | 725 (45.1) | 1.20 (0.89-1.61) | .24 | 150 (9.3) | 2.23 (1.12-4.43) | .02 | |
|
|
Master’s degree and above | 718 (28.4) | 312 (43.5) | 1.12 (0.82-1.54) | .48 | 105 (14.6) | 3.71 (1.84-7.47) | <.001 | |
| Occupation | |||||||||
|
|
Nonmedical personnel | 2034 (80.4) | 929 (45.7) | 1 |
|
102 (5.0) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Medical personnel | 497 (19.6) | 191 (38.4) | 0.74 (0.61-0.91) | .004 | 162 (32.6) | 9.16 (6.97-12.04) | <.001 | |
| Region | |||||||||
|
|
Urban | 2262 (89.4) | 1016 (44.9) | 1 |
|
242 (10.7) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Rural | 269 (10.6) | 104 (38.7) | 0.77 (0.60-1.00) | .05 | 22 (8.2) | 0.74 (0.47-1.17) | .20 | |
| Monthly salary (¥)b | |||||||||
|
|
<6000 | 1128 (44.6) | 478 (42.5) | 1 |
|
68 (6.0) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
6000-10,000 | 787 (31.1) | 338 (43.0) | 1.02 (0.85-1.23) | .83 | 100 (12.7) | 2.27 (1.64-3.13) | <.001 | |
|
|
>10,000 | 616 (24.3) | 303 (49.2) | 1.31 (1.08-1.60) | .007 | 96 (15.6) | 2.88 (2.07-3.99) | <.001 | |
| Family members with medical backgrounds | |||||||||
|
|
No | 1475 (58.3) | 667 (45.2) | 1 |
|
88 (6.0) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Yes | 1056 (41.7) | 453 (42.9) | 0.91 (0.78-1.06) | .25 | 176 (16.7) | 3.13 (2.28-4.17) | <.001 | |
| Self-reported health | |||||||||
|
|
Good | 2020 (79.8) | 849 (42.0) | 1 |
|
230 (11.4) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
Poor | 511 (20.2) | 271 (53.0) | 1.56 (1.28-1.89) | <.001 | 34 (6.7) | 0.55 (0.38-0.81) | .002 | |
| Number of chronic diseases | |||||||||
|
|
0 | 1617 (63.9) | 688 (42.3) | 1 |
|
178 (11.0) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
1 | 639 (25.4) | 300 (47.0) | 0.84 (0.70-1.01) | .045 | 64 (10.0) | 1.11 (0.82-1.50) | .49 | |
|
|
2 and above | 288 (11.2) | 136 (49.5) | 1.13 (0.86-1.49) | .49 | 22 (8.0) | 0.78 (0.47-1.30) | .34 | |
| Vaccine hesitancy | |||||||||
|
|
Yes | 1120 (44.3) | N/Ac | N/A | N/A | 32 (2.9) | 1 |
|
|
|
|
No | 1411 (55.7) | N/A | N/A | N/A | 232 (16.4) | 6.69 (4.58-9.77) | <.001 | |
aOR: odds ratio.
bA currency exchange rate of ¥1=US $0.15 is applicable.
cN/A: not applicable.