Table 2. Mean scores and standard deviation (SD) of quality of life domains in the total population sample and sub-samples by socio-demographic characteristics.
Characteristics | Physical | Psychological | Social | Environment | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
All | 67.82 | 11.93 | 64.32 | 13.18 | 63.29 | 14.73 | 64.13 | 12.36 |
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 70.04* | 11.86 | 68.60* | 10.99 | 66.59* | 15.85 | 63.72 | 12.54 |
Female | 67.33* | 11.90 | 63.39* | 13.44 | 62.58* | 14.39 | 64.22 | 12.33 |
Education level | ||||||||
High school | 65.32* | 13.31 | 60.08* | 15.13 | 60.22 | 17.57 | 56.35* | 15.53 |
Bachelor | 67.23* | 11.80 | 63.90* | 13.22 | 63.25 | 14.89 | 62.69* | 11.84 |
Master/Doctoral | 69.21* | 11.87 | 65.69* | 12.66 | 63.84 | 14.00 | 67.78* | 11.74 |
Spouse’s education level | ||||||||
High school | 66.95 | 12.69 | 63.25 | 13.61 | 62.56 | 16.44 | 57.84* | 12.79 |
Bachelor | 67.24 | 11.16 | 64.29 | 13.02 | 63.22 | 14.21 | 63.75* | 11.60 |
Master/Doctoral | 69.89 | 13.45 | 64.93 | 13.46 | 63.85 | 15.40 | 68.23* | 12.88 |
Current financial condition | ||||||||
Above average | 70.34* | 11.97 | 66.89* | 12.17 | 65.32* | 14.96 | 70.42* | 10.64 |
Average | 66.41* | 10.99 | 63.27* | 12.65 | 62.19* | 13.86 | 61.31* | 10.29 |
Below average | 65.11* | 13.69 | 60.20* | 16.29 | 61.00* | 16.42 | 54.85* | 14.58 |
Current financial condition compared to before pandemic | ||||||||
Better | 67.04 | 12.34 | 65.44 | 13.89 | 62.59 | 14.80 | 64.06* | 10.83 |
Similar | 68.34 | 12.51 | 64.78 | 13.56 | 63.74 | 15.19 | 66.46* | 12.17 |
Worse | 67.33 | 10.74 | 63.06 | 12.14 | 62.91 | 13.98 | 60.38* | 12.49 |
Have a job | ||||||||
No | 65.49* | 11.90 | 61.55* | 14.36 | 60.82* | 14.79 | 62.01* | 12.65 |
Yes | 68.84* | 11.81 | 65.54* | 12.45 | 64.38* | 14.59 | 65.06* | 12.13 |
Working from home during pandemic* | ||||||||
Yes | 68.84 | 11.56 | 65.72 | 12.44 | 64.45 | 14.79 | 65.63 | 11.94 |
No | 69.71 | 13.85 | 66.36 | 12.71 | 65.74 | 12.30 | 62.85 | 12.69 |
In combination | 68.50 | 12.29 | 64.47 | 12.49 | 63.54 | 14.63 | 63.37 | 12.69 |
* Using Mann-Whitney U (Wilcoxon rank-sum) test for two groups or Kruskal-Wallis H test for more than two groups, the mean score between the demographic subgroups differs statistically significant, p-value <0.05