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. 2021 Aug 25;13:686506. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.686506

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Copyright © 2021 Peng, Fang, Xu, Liu, Qian, Gong, Zhao, Ma, Xia and Gu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Metformin alleviates tau hyperphosphorylation and pNR2B-Tyr1472 downregulation caused by long-term isoflurane anesthesia. Representative western blots (left panels) and densitometric analysis (right panels, n = 3 mice per group) showing the effects of isoflurane anesthesia (Anes group), metformin (Met group), and anesthesia plus metformin pretreatment (Met + Anes group) on expression levels of total tau (Tau) and phosphorylated tau (Ser396 and AT8) (A), as well as total NR2B (NR2B) and phosphorylated NR2B at Tyr1472 (pNR2B-Tyr1472) (B) in the hippocampus. β-Actin was used as a gel loading control. Data are expressed as mean ± SD and compared by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons tests. ^∗∗P < 0.01 compared to the Con group; ^&⁣&P < 0.01 compared to the Anes group.