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. 2021 Sep 8;2021(9):CD013381. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013381.pub2

Nimmo 1993.

Methods Study design: randomised cross‐over trial
Duration: 3 days
Location: Canada (tertiary care hospital)
Participants Population: 20 adults with asthma or COPD
Baseline characteristics: hospitalised, mean age 58 years, 60% male, ≥ 1 previous MDI instruction episodes, education level (most, vocational: 9 of total study participants)
Inclusion criteria: clinically stable asthma or COPD, using albuterol MDI for ≥ 1 month before study start, able to read English, informed consent obtained
Exclusion criteria: NR
Interventions Treatment arms
Pharmacist‐led inhaler technique instruction and assessment
  1. Albuterol (Diskhaler)

  2. Turbutaline (Turbuhaler)

Outcomes Primary outcomes: inhaler technique (mean performance score %, incorrect inhaler technique demonstration assessment %, steps performed incorrectly %), % participants rating each inhaler step as easy
Notes Funding: Astra Pharma (part‐funded)
Identifier: none