Table 3.

Association of ACEi/ARB use with incidence of the secondary outcomes hospitalization, ICU admission, and ventilator support

Model	Recipients of Kidney Transplant (n=459)			Patients on Dialysis (n=1047)
	Nonusers	Users	P Value	Nonusers	Users	P Value
Hospitalization
Event rate (events)a	115.9 (219)	136.5 (160)		64.9 (542)	47.7 (182)
Model 1b	Reference	1.04 (0.85 to 1.27)	0.71	Reference	0.85 (0.72 to 1.01)	0.06
Model 2c	Reference	1.04 (0.84 to 1.29)	0.71	Reference	0.85 (0.71 to 1.02)	0.08
Model 3d	Reference	1.05 (0.84 to 1.31)	0.66	Reference	0.82 (0.67 to 1.00)	0.05
Model 4e	Reference	1.04 (0.83 to 1.30)	0.74	Reference	0.89 (0.73 to 1.08)	0.23
ICU admission
Event rate (events)a	4.9 (42)	5.9 (35)		3.2 (77)	2.4 (23)
Model 1b	Reference	1.22 (0.78 to 1.91)	0.39	Reference	0.78 (0.49 to 1.24)	0.29
Model 2c	Reference	1.29 (0.81 to 2.06)	0.28	Reference	0.81 (0.49 to 1.33)	0.40
Model 3d	Reference	1.39 (0.87 to 2.24)	0.17	Reference	0.66 (0.38 to 1.15)	0.14
Model 4e	Reference	1.28 (0.79 to 2.06)	0.31	Reference	0.73 (0.41 to 1.30)	0.29
Ventilator support
Event rate (events)a	3.4 (30)	4.4 (27)		2.3 (57)	1.5 (14)
Model 1b	Reference	1.31 (0.78 to 2.21)	0.30	Reference	0.64 (0.36 to 1.15)	0.14
Model 2c	Reference	1.33 (0.77 to 2.28)	0.31	Reference	0.71 (0.38 to 1.31)	0.27
Model 3d	Reference	1.47 (0.85 to 2.53)	0.17	Reference	0.65 (0.34 to 1.25)	0.20
Model 4e	Reference	1.41 (0.81 to 2.46)	0.22	Reference	0.77 (0.40 to 1.51)	0.45

Presented are the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) in transplant recipients and patients on dialysis, separately, unless otherwise indicated. ACEi/ARB, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker; ICU, intensive care unit.

^aEvent rate per 100 person-weeks.

^bModel 1, crude.

^cModel 2, model 1 plus age, sex, and frailty.

^dModel 3, model 2 plus systolic BP, diabetes, and heart failure.

^eModel 4, model 3 plus anti-inflammatory therapy and antiviral therapy.