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. 2021 Jul;32(7):1616–1629. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2020071029

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Treatment with empagliflozin (EMPA) improves the volume status in nondiabetic HF rats. (A and B) Rats were challenged with an intraperitoneal bolus of warm saline equivalent to 10% of their body weight and were then placed in metabolic cages for 3-hour urine collection. (A) The percentage of the fluid load that was excreted within 3 hours of the saline challenge. (B) The percentage of the sodium load that was excreted within 3 hours of the saline challenge. (C) Blood samples were collected to measure hematocrit. (D) BP was measured using tail-cuff plethysmography. Experiments were conducted 4 weeks after treatment with EMPA or no treatment. The values represent individual measurements and the means ± SEM. *P=0.03 versus sham; **P=0.005 versus sham; ***P<0.001 versus sham; † P=0.02 versus sham + EMPA; †† P=0.005 versus sham + EMPA; ††† P<0.001 versus sham + EMPA; # P=0.02 versus HF; ## P=0.003 versus HF; ### P<0.001 versus HF.