Table 1. Diagnostic Workup for AL Amyloidosis.

1) Serum and urine electrophoresis with immunofixation

2) Serum free light chain assay

3) Complete blood count

4) Comprehensive metabolic panel including liver and renal function

5) Troponin T level

6) NT-proBNP level, BNP level

7) 24-h urinary protein with immunofixation

8) Creatinine clearance

9) Factor X level

10) Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy with FISH studies

11) Bone imaging (if multiple myeloma is suspected)

12) Cardiac involvement assessment: echocardiogram, magnetic resonance imaging

13) Abdominal ultrasonography

14) EMG/nerve conduction study if suspected neuropathy

15) Fat pad biopsy, Congo red stain, mass spectrometry

16) Endoscopy and colonoscopy if AL amyloidosis involving gastrointestinal tract is suspected

NT-proBNP: N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; FISH: fluorescence in situ hybridization; EMG: electromyography.