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FESEM images of a) pure PVDF, b) ErCl3.6H2O/PVDF films with 5 wt% Er, c) Fe(NO3)3·9H2O/PVDF films with 10 wt% Fe. d) Schematic of the PENG device. Open circuit voltage (V oc) generated by the PENGs containing e) 5 wt% Er3+/PVDF and f) 10 wt% Fe3+/PVDF composites. Reproduced with permission.[ 420 ] Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society.
