Table 1.
The mRNA expression and protein production of IL-23, IL-1β, and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines in monocyte-derived (M2-like) and M1 macrophages from AS patients and healthy controls.
| CO M2-like macrophages (N = 14) | CO M1 macrophages (N = 14) |
AS M2-like macrophages (N = 14) |
AS M1 macrophages (N = 14) |
CO M1/M2-like | AS M2-like/CO M2-like | AS M1/M2-like | AS M1/CO M1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative gene expression | Fold change | |||||||
| TNFA | 11.63 ± 4.95 | 270.67 ± 129.00 | 13.88 ± 7.72 | 269.84 ± 204.70 | 23.27 | 1.19 | 19.44 | 1.00 |
| IL1B | 7.74 ± 3.35 | 197.94 ± 85.70 | 6.53 ± 2.67 | 377.98 ± 206.43 | 25.57 | 0.84 | 57.91 | 1.91 |
| IL23A | 1.51 ± 0.70 | 4.72 ± 1.68 | 1.52 ± 0.43 | 5.97 ± 2.55 | 3.12 | 1.00 | 3.93 | 1.26 |
| Protein production (pg/ml) | Fold change | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNF-α | 33.04 ± 6.66 | 332.95 ± 211.25 | 34.84 ± 5.47 | 412.26 ± 172.90 | 10.08 | 1.05 | 11.83 | 1.24 |
| IL-1β | 4.74 ± 6.84 | 10.86 ± 18.54 | 3.20 ± 3.60 | 19.73 ± 22.63 | 2.29 | 0.68 | 6.17 | 1.82 |
| IL-23 | 1.22 ± 1.83 | 9.05 ± 8.91 | 3.34 ± 2.85 | 15.66 ± 13.25 | 7.42 | 2.74 | 4.69 | 1.73 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD. AS ankylosing spondylitis; CO controls; TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β interleukin 1 beta, IL-23 interleukin-23.