Table 2.
The pooled estimate of arbidol versus other therapeutic agents and sensitivity analysis
| Analysis | No. of studies | Participants | Pooled estimate (95% CI) | p | Heterogeneity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ch2 | p | I 2 | |||||
| Sensitivity analysis | |||||||
| Arbidol versus non‐antiviral | |||||||
| Negative rate of PCR | 4 | 405 | 1.21 (1.06–1.38) | .005 | 5.79 | .12 | 48% |
| Arbidol versus chloroquine | |||||||
| Negative rate of PCR on Day 14 | 3 | 137 | 1.27 (0.64–2.51) | .50 | 12.54 | .002 | 84% |
| PCR negative conversion time | 2 | 75 | 0.69 (−3.72 to 5.10) | .76 | 14.71 | .0001 | 93% |
| Hospital stay | 2 | 75 | 4.59 (0.58–8.60) | .02 | 8.44 | .004 | 88% |
| Arbidol versus LPV/r | |||||||
| Negative rate of PCR on Day 7 | 4 | 276 | 1.35 (1.03–1.76) | .03 | 4.18 | .24 | 28% |
| Negative rate of PCR on Day 14 | 5 | 328 | 1.47 (1.06–2.04) | .02 | 24.07 | <.0001 | 83% |
| PCR negative conversion time | 5 | 328 | −2.28 (−3.83 to −0.72) | .004 | 21.91 | .0002 | 82% |
| Hospital stay | 3 | 214 | −1.87 (−8.01 to 4.27) | .55 | 50.39 | <.00001 | 96% |
| Rate of improvement on chest CT on Day 7 | 2 | 156 | 1.14 (0.77–1.69) | .50 | 0.29 | 0.59 | 0% |
| Rate of improvement on chest CT on Day 14 | 2 | 156 | 0.99 (0.80–1.23) | .92 | 0.24 | 0.62 | 0% |
| Disease progress | 2 | 164 | 1.08 (0.13–9.29) | .94 | 5.64 | 0.02 | 82% |
| Rate of cough alleviation on Day 7 | 2 | 141 | 1.61 (0.21–12.22) | .64 | 5.48 | 0.02 | 82% |
| Rate of cough alleviation on Day 14 | 2 | 141 | 0.81 (0.58–1.15) | .24 | 0.32 | 0.57 | 0% |
| Adverse events | 5 | 367 | 0.44 (0.28–0.68) | .0002 | 2.70 | 0.61 | 0% |
| Arbidol + LPV/r versus LPV/r | |||||||
| Negative rate of PCR on Day 7 | 2 | 117 | 2.06 (1.13–3.76) | .02 | 0.01 | 0.91 | 0% |
| Negative rate of PCR on Day 14 | 3 | 193 | 0.99 (0.55–1.80) | .99 | 9.44 | 0.009 | 79% |
| PCR negative conversion time | 3 | 229 | 2.21 (−0.13 to 4.54) | .06 | 6.61 | 0.04 | 70% |
| Hospital stay | 2 | 145 | 1.51 (−3.94 to 6.97) | .59 | 6.46 | 0.01 | 85% |
| Rate of imrovement on chest CT on Day 7 | 2 | 117 | 1.05 (0.20–5.50) | .96 | 6.99 | 0.008 | 86% |
| Arbidol versus arbidol + IFN | |||||||
| PCR negative conversion time | 2 | 291 | −0.99 (−16.67 to 14.69) | .90 | 715.70 | <.00001 | 100% |
| Arbidol + IFN versus IFN | |||||||
| PCR negative conversion time | 2 | 194 | 2.31 (−7.78 to 12.40) | .65 | 28.11 | <.00001 | 96% |
| Arbidol + LHQW versus arbidol | |||||||
| Rate of improvement on chest CT | 2 | 403 | 1.27 (0.88–1.85) | .20 | 2.91 | 0.09 | 66% |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IFN, interferon; LHQW, Lianhuqingwen; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir; P, p‐value; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.