Table 1.
Demographic and baseline characteristics of COVID‐19 patients
| All | Moderate COVID‐19 | Severe COVID‐19 | Z/χ 2 value (p value) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 223 | 124 | 99 | |
| Age (years) | 55 (30.0) | 40.0 (25.0) | 67.0 (21.0) | −9.711 (<0.001) a |
| Sex: Male (n, %) | 130 (58.3%) | 66 (53.2%) | 64 (64.6%) | 2.729 (0.099) b |
| Hospital location | ||||
| Wuhan | 122 (54.7%) | 39 (31.5%) | 83 (83.8%) | 60.971 (<0.001) b |
| Not in Wuhan | 101 (45.3%) | 85 (68.5%) | 16 (16.2%) | |
| Traveling or residing in Wuhan | 160 (71.7%) | 71 (57.3%) | 89 (89.9%) | 28.935 (<0.001) b |
| Underlying diseases (n, %) | ||||
| Hypertension | 63 (34.1%) | 20 (17.2%) | 43 (62.3%) | 43.017 (<0.001) b |
| Diabetes | 31 (16.8%) | 12 (10.3%) | 19 (27.5%) | 10.166 (0.001) b |
| Coronary heart disease | 7 (3.8%) | 2 (1.7%) | 5 (7.2%) | 2.371 (0.124) c |
| Hyperuricemia or gout | 3 (1.6%) | 3 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.057 (0.304) c |
| Nervous system disease | 8 (4.3%) | 2 (1.7%) | 6 (8.7%) | 3.537 (0.060) c |
| Bronchitis or asthma | 3 (1.6%) | 3 (2.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.057 (0.304) c |
| Hepatic disease | 8 (4.3%) | 6 (5.2%) | 2 (2.9%) | 0.131 (0.718) c |
| Chronic kidney disease | 5 (2.7%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (5.8%) | 1.358 (0.244) c |
| Others | 38 (20.5%) | 29 (25.0%) | 9 (13.0%) | 3.621 (0.057) b |
| No comorbidities | 63 (34.1%) | 56 (48.3%) | 7 (10.1%) | 29.402 (<0.001) b |
| Initial symptoms | ||||
| Fever (temperature ≥37.3°C) | 148 (66.4%) | 60 (48.4%) | 88 (88.9%) | 40.456 (<0.001) b |
| Cough | 169 (75.8%) | 70 (56.5%) | 99 (100%) | 56.889 (<0.001) b |
| Sputum | 64 (28.7%) | 38 (30.6%) | 26 (26.2%) | 0.517 (0.472) b |
| Dyspnea | 104 (46.6%) | 5 (4.0%) | 99 (100%) | 203.719 (<0.001) b |
| Fatigue | 73 (32.7%) | 45 (36.3%) | 28 (28.3%) | 1.603 (0.205) b |
| Diarrhoea | 26 (11.7%) | 12 (9.7%) | 14 (14.1%) | 1.065 (0.302) b |
| Myalgia | 31 (13.9%) | 18 (14.5% | 13 (13.1%) | 0.088 (0.766) b |
| Pharyngalgia | 30 (13.5%) | 22 (17.7%) | 8 (8.1%) | 4.413 (0.036) b |
| No symptom | 10 (4.5%) | 10 (8.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6.582 (0.01) c |
| Time to admission since symptom onset (days) | 10.0 (11.0) | 9.0 (9.0) | 10.0 (14.0) | −1.665 (0.096) |
| Outcome: Death | 20 (9.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 20 (20.2%) | 27.519 (<0.001) b |
| Antiviral therapies | ||||
| Arbidol | 150 (67.3%) | 56 (45.1%) | 94 (94.9%) | 61.973 (<0.001) b |
| Ribavirin | 80 (35.9%) | 4 (3.2%) | 76 (79.8%) | 129.421 (<0.001) b |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | 101(45.3%) | 78 (62.9%) | 23 (23.2%) | 34.964 (<0.001) b |
| Favipiravir | 21 (9.4%) | 19 (15.3%) | 2 (2%) | 11.420 (0.001) b |
| Lianhua Qingwen | 16 (7.2%) | 13 (10.5%) | 3 (3%) | 6.194 (0.013) b |
| Invasive ventilator treatment | 30 (13.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 30 (30.3%) | 43.417 (<0.001) b |
Note: Data are expressed as median (IQR) or n (%).
Abbreviations: COVID‐2019, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range.
a
Mann–Whitney U test.
b
Pearson χ 2 test.
c
Continuity correction χ 2 value.