Table 1.

Characteristics of the vaccinated SLE patients and healthy controls^*

	Controls (n = 20)	SLE patients (n = 90)
Age, mean ± SD years	45.3 ± 14.2	45.5 ± 14.2
Sex†
Female	12 (60.0)	79 (87.8)
Male	8 (40.0)	11 (12.2)
Race
White	13 (65.0)	43 (47.8)
Black	2 (10.0)	16 (17.8)
Asian	4 (20.0)	17 (18.9)
Other	1 (5.0%)	14 (15.5)
Ethnicity
Hispanic/Latino	1 (5.0)	34 (37.8)
COVID‐19 vaccine
BNT162b2 (Pfizer)	17 (85.0)	61 (67.8)
mRNA‐1273 (Moderna)	3 (15.0)	24 (26.7)
Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson)	0 (0)	5 (5.5)
Days between 2nd vaccine dose and postvaccine blood draw, mean (range)	23 (14–31)	24 (5–69)
Prior history of COVID‐19 (PCR or IgG)	2 (10.0)	11 (12.2)
SLE risk factors
History of LN	N/A	40 (44.4)
Kidney transplant recipient	N/A	5 (5.6)
APS	N/A	9 (10.0)
Medication(s)
HCQ	–	71 (79)
Dose, mean ± SD mg	–	321.0 ± 89.7
Chloroquine	–	1 (1)
Dose, mg	–	250.0
Prednisone	–	26 (29)
Dose, mean ± SD mg	–	7.2 ± 7.6
Immunosuppressants	–	38 (42)
AZA	–	5 (6)
Dose, mean ± SD mg	–	130.0 ± 27.4
MMF	–	19 (21)
Dose, mean ± SD mg	–	1,967.1 ± 731.1
Mycophenolic acid	–	2 (2)
Dose, mean ± SD mg	–	900.0 ± 254.6
Tacrolimus	–	5 (6)
Dose, mean ± SD mg	–	4.0 ± 2.3
MTX	–	8 (9)
Dose, mean ± SD mg‡	–	14.6 ± 6.0
Belimumab	–	10 (11)
Cyclophosphamide	–	0 (0)
Rituximab	–	3 (3)
Leflunomide	–	1 (1)
Abatacept	–	1 (1)
Adalimumab	–	1 (1)
Obinutuzumab	–	1 (1)
Eculizumab	–	1 (1)
Apremilast	–	1 (1)
SLE clinical trial	–	1 (1)
Prednisone + immunosuppressant	–	22 (24)
Combination immunosuppressants	–	15 (17)

^*Except where indicated otherwise, values are the number (%) of subjects. SLE = systemic lupus erythematosus; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; LN = lupus nephritis; APS = antiphospholipid syndrome; N/A = not applicable; HCQ = hydroxychloroquine; AZA = azathioprine; MMF = mycophenolate mofetil.

^† P = 0.007.

^‡Includes 1 patient with an unknown dose of methotrexate (MTX), prescribed at an outside institution.