Table 2.

Clinical evaluation of patients with CV symptoms and/or signs in the late phase of COVID‐19

Patient evaluation	Check for
Clinical history	‐ Severity of acute COVID‐19 and related complications ‐ Tn levels and biomarker levels in the acute phase ‐ Imaging parameters at TTE, LUS, and lung CT scan in the acute phase ‐ Treatment for acute COVID‐19 and related complications, in particular antithrombotic drugs, antiviral agents, hydroxychloroquine, steroid, and other anti‐inflammatory agents
Physical examination	‐ Prevalent symptoms and signs ‐ Cardiac rhythm, respiratory sounds, and peripheral oedema ‐ Oxygen saturation
Echocardiography	Left ventricle ‐ LV dimensions ‐ LV septal thickness (transient septal pseudohypertrophy) ‐ LV ejection fraction ‐ Regional wall motion abnormalities (coronary or non‐coronary pattern) ‐ LV strain if available ‐ LV diastolic function (comprehensive assessment) ‐ Valve morphology and function Right ventricle ‐ RV size (EDD and RV area) ‐ RV geometry (e.g. sphericity index) ‐ RV systolic function global (RV strain if available) and regional (McConnell's sign) ‐ Tricuspid regurgitant pulmonary gradient ‐ Pulmonary flow patterns (AcT and notching) Pericardial evaluation and myopericardial brightness
Lung ultrasound	‐ Interstitial syndrome (BLUE protocol) ‐ Integrative assessment of congestion in heart failure
Lung computed tomography	‐ Lung parenchyma ‐ Patency of pulmonary arteries ‐ Patency of coronary arteries ‐ Myocardial damage
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance	‐ Accurate assessment of chamber size and function ‐ Detection of ischaemia/myocardial infarction ‐ Assessment of myocarditis and stress cardiomyopathy

COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; CT, computed tomography; CV, cardiovascular; EDD, end‐diastolic diameter; LUS, lung ultrasound; LV, left ventricular; RV, right ventricular; Tn, high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T/I; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.