Table 7.

Time budget of sow posture (expressed as the average proportion of time sows spent in a specific posture) and the performance of piglet behaviors (expressed as the average proportion of piglets performing a specific behavior) during light hours (0700 to 1700 h) over days 3, 7, and 11

Variable	Control n = 12 litters	Medium n = 15 litters	High n = 16 litters
Sow posture
Lying sternal	0.16 ± 0.01	0.16 ± 0.01	0.19 ± 0.01
Lying lateral	0.67 ± 0.02a	0.64 ± 0.02a,b	0.56 ± 0.02b
Upright	0.18 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.02
Piglet behavior1
Active	0.16 ± 0.01	0.15 ± 0.01	0.18 ± 0.01
Inactive	0.52 ± 0.01	0.52 ± 0.01	0.51 ± 0.01
Nursing	0.17 ± 0.01	0.16 ± 0.01	0.15 ± 0.01
Aggression	0.003 ± 0.0006	0.003 ± 0.0005	0.003 ± 0.0005

^a,

^bMeans within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

¹During the time budget observations, approximately 15% of piglets were out of the observer’s sight, and thus the proportions do not add to 1.