Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| All patients | Non-Events | Events | P - value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 1259 | 1203 (95·6) | 56 (4·4) | |
| Gender (female) | 449 (35·7) | 431 (35·8) | 18 (32·1) | 0·213 |
| Age (years) | 62·7 ± 11·9 | 62·3 ± 11·8 | 72·6 ± 10·2 | < 0·001** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22·4 ± 3·3 | 22·4 ± 3·3 | 22·3 ± 3·5 | 0·732 |
| Smoke | 147 (11·7) | 124 (10·3) | 6 (10·7) | 0·953 |
| NYHA class II-IV | 16 (1·3) | 14 (1·2) | 6 (7·1) | < 0·001** |
| CAD | 92 (7·3) | 79 (6·6) | 13 (23·2) | < 0·001** |
| Hypertension | 285 (22·6) | 255 (21·2) | 30 (53·6) | < 0·001** |
| Atrial fibrillation | 14 (1·1) | 9 (0·7) | 5 (8·9) | < 0·001** |
| Diabetes mellitus | 132 (10·5) | 119 (9·9) | 13 (23·2) | 0·001* |
| Insulin dependent | 18 (1·4) | 16 (1·3) | 2 (3·6) | 0·189 |
| Aspirin | 30 (2·4) | 27 (2·2) | 3 (5·4) | 0·296 |
| Clopidogrel | 33 (2·6) | 29 (2·4) | 4 (7·1) | 0·082 |
| Anticoagulation | 23 (1·8) | 17 (1·4) | 6 (10·7) | < 0·001** |
| β-blocker | 42 (3·3) | 34 (2·8) | 8 (14·3) | < 0·001** |
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 80 (6·4) | 68 (5·7) | 12 (21·4) | < 0·001** |
| ARNI | 2 (0·2) | 2 (0·2) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| CCB | 122 (9·7) | 115 (9·6) | 7 (12·5) | 0·467 |
| Statins | 47 (3·7) | 40 (3·3) | 7 (12·5) | 0·001* |
| Diuretic | 21 (1·7) | 18 (1·5) | 3 (5·4) | 0·063 |
| Metformin | 44 (3·5) | 38 (3·2) | 6 (10·7) | 0·008* |
| Chemotherapy | 158 (12·5) | 153 (12·7) | 5 (8·9) | 0·403 |
| Radiation therapy | 22 (1·7) | 22 (1·8) | 0 (0) | 0·618 |
| Lee index | ||||
| 0 | 1113 (88·4) | 1077 (89·5) | 36 (64·3) | < 0·001** |
| 1 | 122 (9·7) | 106 (8·8) | 16 (28·6) | |
| ≥ 2 | 24 (1·9) | 20 (1·7) | 4 (7·1) | |
| HR (beats per min) | 80·6 ± 12·8 | 80·6 ± 12·8 | 79·5 ± 13·0 | 0·544 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 126·1 ± 18·2 | 126·0 ± 18·3 | 128·3 ± 7·5 | 0·361 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 76·9 ± 10·6 | 77·0 ± 10·6 | 75 ± 11·4 | 0·165 |
Continuous variables are expressed as means ± SD. Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies (percentage). n, number; BMI, body mass index; NYHA, New York Heart Association; CAD, coronary artery disease; ACEI, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, Angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB, Calcium channel blocker; ARNI, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors; HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure. *P ≤ 0·05, **P < 0·001.