Spinal cord injury |
Motor/sensory paralysis of upper and lower limbs, orthostatic hypotension, hypotension, dizziness, autonomic dysreflexia, thermoregulatory disorder, bladder and bowel dysfunction, paralytic ileus, neuropathic pain, spasticity, edema, joint contracture, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, pressure ulcers, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary infarction/embolism, ectopic ossification, urinary calculus, hypercalcium crystal formation, liver disorder, sexual dysfunction, spinal cavities, and spinal atrophy. |
Surgery |
Bleeding, infections (bacterial meningitis, wound infection, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, etc.), spinal fluid leakage, skin and nerve damage due to fixation of the posture during surgery, complications accompanying general anesthesia (blood pressure fluctuation, hoarseness, drug allergy, etc.), arrhythmia, fever, malaise, wound pain, and hematologic test abnormality (glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, C-reactive protein, white blood cells, etc.). |
Cell transplantation |
Rejection reaction to transplanted cells, tumorigenesis derived from transplanted cells, and deterioration of neurological symptoms (motor/sensory function, neurological pain, etc.) |
Immunosuppressants |
Infectious diseases, drug allergic reaction, gastrointestinal disorder (diarrhea, constipation, stomach ache, loss of appetite, gastrointestinal bleeding, etc.), renal failure, abnormal serum magnesium value, hyperkalemia, abnormal heart function, hyperglycemia, tremor, liver failure, and cytopenia. |
Others |
Trauma caused by unexpected falls during rehabilitation, subcutaneous hemorrhage after blood collection, tape rash, fatigue, symptoms caused by comorbidities (hay fever, high blood pressure, headache, etc.), and insomnia. |