TABLE 4.

Summary of disease-associated angiogenic lncRNA function.

LncRNA	Disease	Epigenetic mechanism of action	Function in angiogenesis	References
HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR)	Diabetic retinopathy	Histone methylation, histone acetylation, DNA methylation	HOTAIR regulates glucose-mediated increases of angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy	Biswas et al., 2021
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14)	Hepatocellular carcinoma	SNHG14 upregulates PABPC1 expression via H3K27 acetylation	SNHG14 promotes proliferation and tube formation in endothelial cells	Zhang H. et al., 2020
LINC00337	Colorectal cancer	LINC00337 recruits DNMT1 to CNN1 promoter, which inhibits its transcription and increases VEGF-mediated angiogenesis	LINC00337 increases tumor growth and microvascular density	Xu X. et al., 2020
RAB11B Antisense RNA 1 (RAB11B-AS1)	Breast cancer, osteosarcoma	RAB11B-AS1 increases RNA Pol II in hypoxia to upregulates VEGFA and ANGPLT4	HIF2 induces RAB11B-AS1 which increases angiogenic factors	Niu et al., 2020
Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)	Multiple cancers	Formation of molecular scaffolds, splicing and regulating histones and transcription factors	MALAT1 increased proliferation, sprouting and migration in ECs	Li et al., 2017
Maternally expressed 3 (MEG3)	Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cholestatic liver injury	MEG3 interacts with JARID2 which recruits PRC2	MEG3 regulates NOTCH and VEGF pathways	Ruan et al., 2018
Antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL, CDKN2B, CDKN2B-AS1)	Coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis	Promoter methylation, chromatin modifications, alternative splicing and post-transcriptional modifications	High glucose upregulates ANRIL in retinal ECs and is involved in VEGF regulation	Zhou et al., 2016