TABLE 1.
Pathogenicity tests: test strains, necrosis length, results of re-isolation.
| Species | Strain | Accession No. | Year of isolation | Original host tree | Host tissue | Necrosis length (mm, arithmetic mean of nine studied trees) | Reaction of host tissue |
Re-isolation from inoculated tissue after 4 months
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| Re-isolation of test species | isolated filamentous morphotypes (MTs) | additional isolated filamentous fungi | ||||||||
| Biscogniauxia mediterranea | NW-FVA 5283 | MT561410 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | wood of twig with dieback symptoms | 11.3 | Necrotic lesions visible, mostly no callus formation | yes | 3 | e.g., N. coccinea |
| Biscogniauxia nummularia | NW-FVA 5282 | MT561409 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | wood of twig with dieback symptoms | 13.9 | Necrotic lesions visible, no callus formation | yes | 2 | N. coccinea |
| Botryosphaeria corticola | NW-FVA 4897 | MN698983 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | fruiting body on bark | 69.8* | Large Necrotic lesions visible, no callus formation, orange-brownish discolorations in the whole stem | yes | 1 | none |
| Botryosphaeria dothidea | NW-FVA 5287 | MZ045841 | 2019 | Fagus sylvatica | wood trunk | 11.6 | Necrotic lesions visible, T-shaped discoloration, inoculation locus of some trees overgrown by callus formation, | yes | 3 | e.g., N. coccinea |
| Botryosphaeria stevensii | NW-FVA 4915 | MN698981 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | wood trunk | 12.8 | Necrotic lesions visible, no or minor callus formation | yes | 4 | e.g., N. coccinea, Sordaria sp. |
| Eutypella quaternata | NW-FVA 5333 | MZ045842 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | ascocarp on bark | 19.3 | Necrotic lesions visible, no callus formation | yes | 3 | e.g., N. coccinea |
| Hypoxylon fragiforme | NW-FVA 5174 | Species identical with MZ045852 | 2019 | Fagus sylvatica | wood trunk | 10.4 | Necrotic lesions visible, with callus formation, T-shaped discoloration | yes | 4 | e.g., N. coccinea |
| Nectria cinnabarina | NW-FVA 1249 | MZ045843 | 2012 | A. pseudo-platanus | stem necrosis | 23.0** | Necrotic lesions visible, no callus formation | yes | 3 | e.g., N. coccinea |
| Neonectria coccinea | NW-FVA 5096 | MN698988 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | stem necrosis | 17.9 | Necrotic lesions visible, no callus formation | yes | 2 | e.g., Zygomycota. |
| Neonectria ditissima | CBS 226.31 | JF735309 | 1925 | F. sylvatica | bark | 10.7 | Necrotic lesions visible, T-shaped discoloration, with callus formation | no | 3 | e.g., E. quaternata, Clitopilus sp. (MZ045857) |
| Neonectria aff. coccinea | NW-FVA 0179 | MZ057618 | 2009 | F. sylvatica | stem necrosis | 16.4 | Necrotic lesions visible, no callus formation | yes | 3 | e.g., Fusarium sp. |
| Sphaeropsis sapinea | NW-FVA 4932 | MN698984 | 2019 | F. sylvatica | wood trunk | 10.7 | Necrotic lesions visible, T-shaped discoloration, with callus formation | yes | 5 | e.g., Diaporthe sp., Fusarium sp., Clitopilus sp. (MZ045858) |
| Mock control | MYP | - | - | - | 0.0 | No Necrotic lesions visible, inoculation locus overgrown by callus | na | 4 | e.g., H. fragiforme, Pezicula sp. | |
| Untreated control | untreated | - | - | - | 0.0 | No Necrotic lesions visible, healthy tissue | na | 3 | e.g., B. mediterranea, H. fragiforme | |
*Only eight necrotic lesions were measured, because one tree disappeared during the experiment unrelated to the inoculation test.
**Only six necrotic lesion were measured, because only seven trees were inoculated, in total. na, not applicable.