Table 6.
Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses for prognostic factors in 2353 occult lung cancer patients
| Variables | 5-year CSS | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | P-Value | HR | 95% CI | P-Value | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 14% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Female | 16% | 0.830 | < 0.001 | 0.796 | 0.723–0.876 | < 0.001 |
| Tumor differentiation | ||||||
| Well | 18% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Moderate | 17% | 1.062 | 0.564 | 0.654 | 0.769–1.179 | 0.654 |
| Poor | 13% | 1.373 | 0.001 | 1.214 | 1.003–1.506 | 0.046 |
| Unknown | 15% | 1.152 | 0.131 | 1.038 | 0.860–1.264 | 0.669 |
| Tumor location | ||||||
| Upper lobe | 17% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Middle lobe | 9% | 1.090 | 0.447 | 1.141 | 0.913–1.427 | 0.246 |
| Lower lobe | 14% | 1.110 | 0.067 | 1.124 | 1.004–1.259 | 0.042 |
| Other location | 18% | 1.115 | 0.354 | 1.036 | 0.822–1.305 | 0.767 |
| Unknown | 11% | 1.291 | < 0.001 | 1.241 | 1.084–1.421 | 0.002 |
| Age (median, year) | ||||||
| ≤ 72 | 16% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| > 72 | 14% | 1.237 | < 0.001 | 1.183 | 1.072–1.305 | 0.001 |
| Histological subtypes | ||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 13% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 14% | 0.890 | 0.05 | 0.878 | 0.775–0.995 | 0.042 |
| Non-squamous and non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC | 24% | 0.680 | < 0.001 | 0.754 | 0.609–0.933 | 0.010 |
| Small-cell carcinoma | 12% | 0.992 | 0.920 | 0.958 | 0.812–1.131 | 0.616 |
| Unknown non-sarcoma carcinoma | 31% | 0.647 | 0.022 | 0.558 | 0.380–0.820 | 0.003 |
| Unknown NSCLC | 15% | 0.952 | 0.518 | 0.923 | 0.790–1.079 | 0.317 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||||
| No | 17% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Yes | 10% | 0.926 | 0.132 | 0.946 | 0.846–1.059 | 0.338 |
| Radiotherapy | ||||||
| No | 15% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Yes | 16% | 0.795 | < 0.001 | 0.716 | 0.638–0.802 | < 0.001 |
| Unknown | 12% | 1.077 | 0.730 | 1.020 | 0.666–1.562 | 0.928 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Non-married | 14% | 1 | ||||
| Married | 15% | 0.990 | 0.837 | |||
| Unknown | 17% | 1.045 | 0.662 | |||
| Race/ ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic whites | 15% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Non-Hispanic other | 16% | 0.995 | 0.938 | 1.063 | 0.941–1.202 | 0.323 |
| Surgical treatment | ||||||
| None | 12% | 1 | 1 | reference | ||
| Limited resection | 30% | 0.462 | < 0.001 | 0.476 | 0.354–0.640 | < 0.001 |
| Lobectomy | 47% | 0.285 | < 0.001 | 0.269 | 0.269–0.352 | < 0.001 |
| Pneumonectomy | 13% | 0.476 | 0.098 | 0.427 | 0.176–1.032 | 0.059 |
| Unknown surgical approach | NA | 0.506 | 0.238 | 0.544 | 0.175–1.695 | 0.294 |
| Unknown | 16% | 0.972 | 0.847 | 0.899 | 0.673–1.203 | 0.475 |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NSCLC non-small cell lung carcinoma
Cox regression’s method was Enter selection