Caspase 3 mRNA expression. (a) Caspase 3 mRNA relative fold changes in HCT116 and Sen-HCT116 treated with thymoquinone (TQ, 50 µM). (b) Caspase 3 mRNA relative fold changes in MCF7 and Sen-MCF7 treated with thymoquinone (TQ, 50 µM). (c) Caspase 3 mRNA relative fold changes in Sen-HCT116. (d) Caspase 3 mRNA relative fold changes in Sen-MCF7. (c) Caspase 3 mRNA relative fold changes in HCT116 and Sen-HCT116 treated with costunolide (COS, 30 µM). (b) Caspase 3 mRNA relative fold changes in MCF7 and Sen-MCF7 treated with costunolide (COS, 30 µM). Error bars represent mean ± SD. **P < .01 and ***P < .001 versus control. +P < .05, ++P < .01, and +++P < .001 versus Dox5. xP < .05, xxp < .01, and xxxP < .001 versus HCT116 + COS or MCF7 + COS. Control refers to proliferative-untreated HCT116 or -untreated MCF7. HCT116 + TQ refers to HCT116 treated with 50 µM TQ for 24 hours. MCF7 + TQ refers to HCT116 treated with 50 µM TQ for 24 hours. HCT116 + COS refers to HCT116 treated with 30 µM COS for 24 hours. MCF7 + COS refers to HCT116 treated with 30 µM COS for 24 hours. Dox5 refers to Sen-HCT116 or Sen-MCF7 with 100 nM Dox for 5 days. HCT116 + Dox5 + COS refers to Sen-HCT116 with 100 nM Dox for 5 days then treated with 30 µM COS for 24 hours. MCF7 + Dox5 + COS refers to Sen-MCF7 with 100 nM Dox for 5 days then treated with 30 µM COS for 24 hours. All assays were done in triplicate at least.