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. 2021 Aug 24;13(17):4262. doi: 10.3390/cancers13174262

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Blockage of the basal autophagic flux by TAT-Cx43_266-283 in GSCs is also detected by transmission electron microscopy. (a,b) Representative transmission electron microscopy images showing lysosomes (arrowheads) and autophagosomes (arrows), including cellular contents in both control (a) and TAT-Cx43_266-283-treated GSCs (b). (c,e) Autophagolysosomes, i.e., autophagosomes fused to lysosomes, were detected in control GSCs (a,c,e) but not in TAT-Cx43_266-283-treated GSCs (b,d,f). (c) Magnification of the autophagolysosomes shows the denser material, indicating that digestion of the contents is occurring. (d) Autophagosomes and lysosomes were found in TAT-Cx43_266-283-treated GSCs, but no fusion events were detected. (e) Lysosomes and autophagosomes undergoing fusion were observed in the control GSCs but not in TAT-Cx43_266-283-treated GSCs (rectangle with discontinuous line). (f) Accumulation of autophagosomes in TAT-Cx43_266-283-treated GSCs.