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. 2021 Aug 24;13(17):4267. doi: 10.3390/cancers13174267

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Simultaneous expression of cytokine/cytokine receptor pairs in meningiomas, suggestive of autocrine loops. Some of these autocrine loops showed impact on meningioma growth in vitro. (A) SDF-1/CXCR4 and CXCL16/TM-CXCL16 signalling stimulated meningioma proliferation and growth. (B) TGF-ß/TGF-ßR, IL-6/IL-6R and OSM/OSM-R signalling inhibited meningioma proliferation and growth (C) Loops of which the consequence on meningioma proliferation/growth have not been investigated in vivo. (D) Cytokines expressed in meningiomas, where corresponding receptors have not been detected.