Table 4.

Associations of Sleep Measures With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Sleep trajectory groups*	All APOs (n = 27)	Hypertensive Disorders (n = 20)	Excessive GWG (n = 60)
	Or (95% CI)	Or (95% CI)	Or (95% CI)
Sleep duration
Short	1.44 (0.44–4.76)	1.58 (0.38–6.66)	0.92 (0.33–2.56)
Adequate	Reference	Reference	Reference
Sleep efficiency
Low	1.93 (0.48–8.36)	1.79 (0.34–9.52)	0.52 (0.17–1.63)
High	Reference	Reference	Reference
Sleep quality
Good	Reference	Reference	Reference
Worsening	1.40 (0.46–4.23)	1.04 (0.30–3.62)	0.33 (0.13–0.89)
Poor	1.49 (0.38–5.76)	1.33 (0.29–6.09)	0.45 (0.14–1.46)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; APO, adverse pregnancy outcomes; GWG, gestational weight gain; OR, odds ratio.

Models adjusted for site, age, race (Black vs. non-Black), parity (primipara vs. multipara), prepregnancy body mass index (continuous), and gestational age at delivery (excessive gestational weight gain model only).

Bolded values are statistically significant (p < .05).

^*Sleep trajectory groups created using latent trajectories.