Table 3. Summary of the major studies regarding CKD under dialysis and COVID-19.
| Author | N | Design | Age (years) | Comorbidities | Major findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xiong et al. | 7,154 | Retrospective | 1. Clinical Manifestations: | ||
| CVD (68.7%) | -Fever (51.9%), fatigue (45.0%), cough (37.4%), sputum (29.0%), and dyspnea (26.0%). | ||||
| 63.1 | DM (22.9%) | 2. Clinical Evolution: | |||
| (13.4) | COPD (3.8%) | -Acute organ dysfunction (30.5%), | |||
| Cancer (1.5%) | - Cardiac injury (28.2%), | ||||
| - Liver dysfunction (15.5%), | |||||
| - ARDS (13.8%). | |||||
| Fisher et al. | 114 | Cohort | 1. Severe COVID-19: | ||
| HTN (90.0%) | -ICU admission (13.0%). | ||||
| 64.5 | DM (67.0%) | -Mechanical ventilation (17.0%). | |||
| (55.0-73.0) | CVD (55.0%) | 2. Mortality: | |||
| Cancer (12.0%) | -In-hospital death (28.0%): | ||||
| -ICU (87.0%). | |||||
| - General floor (19.0%). | |||||
| Valeri et al. | 59 | Retrospective | 1.Severe COVID-19: | ||
| - Mechanical ventilation (14.0%). | |||||
| HTN (98.0%) | 2. Mortality: | ||||
| 63.0 | DM (69.0%) | - In-hospital death: (31.0%). | |||
| (56-70) | CAD (46.0%) | - Laboratory profile of patients who died compared to survivors: | |||
| PD (17.0%) | - WBC (507 vs. 312 U/L; p=0.04). | ||||
| - CRP (163.0 vs. 80.3 mg/L; p=0.01). | |||||
| - LDH (507 vs. 312 U/L; p=0.04). | |||||
| Tortonese et al. | 44 | Retrospective | 1. Mortality | ||
| HTN (97.7%) | Dialyzed x non-dialyzed: | ||||
| 61.0 | DM (50.0%) | 1.1 Fatality Rate: | |||
| (51.5-72.5) | DLP (59.1%) | -Patients requiring oxygen therapy: (36.4%); ICU patients: (60.0%); Non-dialyzed patients: (12.9%); Dialyzed patients: (27.3%). | |||
| Obesity (34.1%) | 1.2 Risk factors for mortality (Multivariate Cox analysis): | ||||
| - Cough (HR 5.18); thrombopenia ≤120g/L (HR 10.22); LDH ≥2N (HR 5.97); CRP ≥175mg/L (HR 19.53). | |||||
| Alberici et al. | 94 | Retrospective | 1. Risk factors for ARDS: | ||
| HTN (93.0%) | -History of IHD (OR 7.5); fever at diagnosis (OR 17.0); Dyspnea at disease onset (OR 20). | ||||
| 72.0 | DM (43.0%) | 2. Risk factors for mortality: | |||
| (62.0-79.0) | CAD (17.0%) | - Fever (OR 18.7); cough (OR 4.0); Increased CRP (OR 5.6). | |||
| Cancer (12.0%) | |||||
| Cécile et al. | 1,621 | Cohort | 1. Severe COVID-19: | ||
| DM (50.8%) | -ICU admission (9.0%). | ||||
| 71.9 | CAD (27.2%) | -Mechanical ventilation (51.0%). | |||
| (60.8-81.0) | COPD (15.5%) | 2. Mortality: | |||
| Cancer (9.3%) | -Outpatients (8.5%): | ||||
| -Hospitalized (22.4%). | |||||
| - ICU (34.0% vs. 15.5%). |
DM: diabetes mellitus; HTN: hypertension; CVD: cardiovascular disease; CAD: coronary artery disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PD: pulmonary disease; DLP: dyslipidemia; IHD: ischemic heart disease; ICU: intensive care unit.