Table 4.

Marginal Effect of Rurality on Caregiver Mastery and Caregiving Burden by Education

Variables	Caregiver Mastery	Self-Esteem	Disrupted Schedule	Financial Problems	Lack of Social Support	Health Problems
	Mean (SD) = 27.5 (4.7)	Mean (SD) = 4.4 (0.5)	Mean (SD) = 2.6 (0.9)	Mean (SD)= 2.0 (0.8)	Mean (SD)= 1.9 (0.7)	Mean (SD)= 2.0 (0.7)
Main effect
Rural (ref: urban)	−0.34	0.03	0.21***	0.17**	0.11**	0.04
	(−1.18 – 0.49)	(−0.07 – 0.12)	(0.06 – 0.36)	(0.01 – 0.32)	(−0.02 – 0.24)	(−0.07 – 0.15)
Education ≥ some college (ref: ≤ high school)
	0.01	−0.03	0.15*	−0.18***	0.03	−0.03
	(−0.58 – 0.61)	(0.09 – −0.04)	(0.04 – 0.26)	(−0.28 – −0.07)	(−0.06 – −0.13)	(−0.05 – 0.12)
Interaction effect
Rural (ref: urban)
≤ High school	−1.27**	−0.10	0.25**	0.33***	0.32***	0.15*
	(−2.40 – −0.14)	(−0.22 – 0.04)	(0.04 – 0.45)	(0.12 – 0.54)	(0.14 – 0.50)	(0 – 0.31)
≥ Some college	0.16	0.09	0.18*	0.07	0	−0.03
	(−0.94 – 1.27)	(−0.03 – 0.22)	(−0.01 – 0.38)	(−0.12 – 0.27)	(−0.17 – 0.17)	(−0.18 – 0.12)
P value of interaction
term	0.07	0.04	0.02	0.07	<0.01	0.10

Notes: SD= standard deviation;

^***p<0.01,

^**p<0.05,

^*p<0.1;

Marginal effects were calculated from the linear mixed models in Table 3;

Models adjusted for caregiver age, gender, relationship, comorbidity, and patient cancer type and number of geriatric impairments, time fixed effect, and practice site random effect;

P value measures the significance of the interaction term of rurality and education based on the linear mixed models.