Table 4.
ADHD Group Differences in Lifetime Average of Past-Year Heavy Drinking Frequency by Alcohol Problems Class
| Class | Mean (N) | F | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADHD | Non-ADHD | corrected pa | |||
| Persistent | Childhood only | ||||
| Full Sample | |||||
| 2.47 | 3.07 b | 9.178 | .045 | ||
| 2.32 | 2.80 b | 6.055 | .030 | ||
| Interpersonal Problems/Risky Behaviors | |||||
| Low | .95 | 1.38 | 3.643 | .145 | |
| 1.01 | .81 | 1.981 | .264 | ||
| Intermediate | 3.14 | 3.54 | 2.495 | .193 | |
| 3.08 | 3.27 | 4.440 | .326 | ||
| High | 4.26 | 4.65 | .786 | .436 | |
| 3.77 | 4.95 | 3.119 | .123 | ||
| Occupational/Academic Problems | |||||
| Low | 1.52 | 1.82 | 1.829 | .266 | |
| 1.53 | 1.52 | .883 | .445 | ||
| Intermediate | 3.58 | 4.47 | 7.222 | .060 | |
| 3.67 | 3.34 | 3.69 | .105 | ||
| High | 4.00 | 4.15 | .104 | .801 | |
| 3.57 | 4.47 | 1.40 | .326 | ||
| Impaired Control/Treatment Seeking | |||||
| Low | 1.72 | 2.18 | 3.886 | .145 | |
| 1.86 | 1.22 | 3.661 | .105 | ||
| Intermediate | 3.60 | 4.42 | 4.719 | .120 | |
| 3.33 | 4.10 | 3.306 | .123 | ||
| High | 3.68 | 4.20 | 1.011 | .398 | |
| 3.31 | 4.02 | 1.427 | .326 | ||
| Tolerance/Withdrawal | |||||
| Low | 1.53 | 1.50 | .016 | .901 | |
| 1.58 | 1.35 | .260 | .772 | ||
| Intermediate | 3.56 | 4.03 | 2.810 | .193 | |
| 3.54 | 3.59 | 1.402 | .326 | ||
| High | 4.09 | 4.87 | 2.629 | .193 | |
| 3.59 | 4.58 | 2.730 | .159 | ||
| Blackout Drinking | |||||
| Low | .94 | .63 | 1.305 | .349 | |
| 1.02 c | .77 c | 5.556 | .030 | ||
| High | 3.23 | 3.73 | 5.33 | .110 | |
| 2.99 | 3.73 | .943 | .445 | ||
Note. Results of ANCOVAs, adjusting for race and sex. Bolded lines are statistically significant results per corrected p-value; significantly different means in pairwise comparisons are bolded. Response scale for lifetime average past-year heavy drinking: 0=not at all; 1=1–3 times; 2=4–7 times; 3= 8–11 times; 4=Once/month; 5=2–3 times/month; 6=Once a week; 7=2–3 times a week; 8=4–6 times a week; 9=once/day; 10=Twice/day; 11=several times/day.
Corrected p-values for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate, which was applied to the 15 ANCOVAs comparing ADHD to non-ADHD group and separately to the 15 ANCOVAs comparing ADHD persistence, childhood ADHD only, and non-ADHD. Pairwise comparisons only interpreted for ANCOVAs yieldinf significant corrected p-values. Tukey’s multiple comparison tests used for pairwise comparisons, which adjust significance level for multiple testing.
Non-ADHD group significantly differed from childhood ADHD only group.
ADHD persistent group significantly differed from childhood ADHD only and non-ADHD group, but childhood ADHD only group did not significantly differ from non-ADHD group.