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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2021 Aug 9;78(4):1042–1052. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17323

Table 2.

ACR testing rate at baseline*

Research cohorts General population clinical cohorts Referred CKD clinical cohort
Diabetes All All eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 All
 Number of cohorts 6 24 24 1
 Number of participants 38,753 1,303,027 241,247 2,814
 Proportion (%), mean (cohort range) 94.2 (41.2–100) 35.1 (12.3−74.5) 36.9 (10.9–69.1) 88.3
Hypertension (without diabetes)
 Number of cohorts 4 20 20 1
 Number of participants 222,874 2,109,486 320,329 2101
 Proportion (%), mean (cohort range) 97.0 (29.5–99.5) 4.1 (1.3–20.7) 6.2 (1.8−31.7) 71.7
*

Baseline was defined as the first visit with ACR measurement in research cohorts and in a pre-selected two-year time window in clinical cohorts

ACR, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate