Table 3.
Adjusted Odds of Health Care Encounters in the 30 Days Following ED Visit for Suicide Ideation or Attempt Among US Adolescents Using Medicaid (2009–2012)
| Visit Characteristics | Treat-and-Release ED Visit Ambulatory Mental Health Visit in 30 Days After Discharge |
ED-to-Hospital Admission Ambulatory Mental Health Visit in 30 Days After Discharge |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR | 95% LCL | 95% UCL | AOR | 95% LCL | 95% UCL | |
| Female sex | 1.11 | 1.07 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.09 | 1.21 |
| Age | ||||||
| Age 6–12 years | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Age 13–17 years | 1.54 | 1.41 | 1.68 | 1.20 | 0.28 | 5.09 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Black | Ref | Ref | ||||
| White | 1.46 | 1.34 | 1.59 | 1.29 | 0.81 | 2.05 |
| Hispanic | 1.28 | 1.06 | 1.55 | 1.23 | 0.72 | 2.09 |
| Other | 1.27 | 1.13 | 1.42 | 1.07 | 0.62 | 1.84 |
| Type of Medicaid plan | ||||||
| Behavioral health managed care | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Comprehensive managed care | 1.38 | 0.60 | 3.15 | 1.51 | 0.03 | 90.9 |
| Fee for service | 1.18 | 0.49 | 2.83 | 1.81 | 0.02 | 60.1 |
| Reason for Medicaid eligibility | ||||||
| Disability | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Income | 0.78 | 0.66 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.89 | 1.05 |
| Foster care | 1.12 | 0.94 | 1.35 | 1.03 | 0.90 | 1.19 |
| Complex chronic physical health condition | 1.13 | 1.08 | 1.18 | 1.02 | 0.72 | 1.44 |
| Psychiatric Condition | 1.41 | 1.20 | 1.66 | 1.27 | 1.15 | 1.40 |
| Reason for visit | ||||||
| Suicide attempt | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Suicide ideation only | 2.75 | 2.29 | 3.31 | 1.30 | 1.16 | 1.46 |
| Children’s hospital encounter | 1.07 | 0.85 | 1.35 | 0.96 | 0.78 | 1.18 |
| Health care encounters in | ||||||
| 30 days before ED visit | ||||||
| No visits | Ref | Ref | ||||
| ED or inpatient visit | 1.02 | 0.95 | 1.09 | 0.97 | 0.75 | 1.25 |
| General health visit | 1.17 | 1.09 | 1.24 | 1.25 | 1.17 | 1.34 |
| Mental health visit | 11.01 | 9.82 | 12.35 | 4.60 | 3.16 | 6.68 |
| Length of stay | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.12 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.00 |
| Patient number of ED visits during study timeframe | 1.07 | 1.02 | 1.13 | 1.00 | 0.97 | 1.04 |
AOR indicates adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; LCL, lower confidence limit; Ref, reference group; UCL, upper confidence limit.
Model adjusts for all co-variates in table as well as year of visit, includes a random effect for state, and uses a robust standard error.
AORs in bold are statistically significant.
Treat-and-release ED visit n = 30,210; ED-to-hospital admission n = 20,166