Table 3.

Method of determination and designations regarding ambulatory function in prospective studies that used direct observation of patients

Study (Y of Publication)	Method of Determination	Designation of Ambulatory Function
Helweg-Larsen et al. (2000)[19]	Not specified	Ambulatory without assistance; ambulatory with assistance; paretic; paralytic
Marquardt et al. (2004)[31]	Not specified	Ambulatory versus non-ambulatory
Patchell et al. (2005)[6]	Two steps each foot even if cane and/or walker used	Ambulatory versus non-ambulatory
Graham et al. (2006)[49]	Walk score >5/7; Barthel Index walk score >2/3	Ambulatory versus non-ambulatory
Conway et al. (2007)[16]	Not specified	Ambulatory unaided; ambulatory aided; non-ambulatory
Park et al. (2016)[37]	Nurick Score: Grades 3–5=ambulatory; Grades 1- 2=non-ambulatory	Ambulatory versus non-ambulatory
Fehlings et al. (2016)[8]	Walk 4 steps independently	Independently ambulatory versus not independent
Rades et al. (2016)[42]	Not specified	Ambulatory unaided; ambulatory aided; non-ambulatory
Rades et al. (2018)[50]	Not specified	Ambulatory unaided; ambulatory aided; non-ambulatory
Hoskin et al. (2019)[21]	Medical Research Council Muscle Power Criteria: Grades 1–2=ambulatory; Grades 3–4=nonambulatory	Ambulatory versus non-ambulatory
Thirion et al. (2020)[9]	Not specified (also allowed remote patient report)	Ambulatory unaided; ambulatory aided; non-ambulatory
Rades et al. (2020)[39]	Study-specific 5-point scale	Ambulatory versus non-ambulatory