Fig. 6. ASH sensitization requires ASE, glutamate, neuropeptides, dopamine, and serotonin.

a, b Average Ca²⁺ transients (±SEM) in ASH neurons of wild-type animals after 600 s pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl in response to an increase to 200 (a) or 500 (b) mM NaCl (data from Fig. 4). c Average Ca²⁺ transients (±SEM) in ASH neurons of che-1(p679) animals in response to exposure to 200 or 500 mM NaCl. Naïve che-1 animals did not respond to 200 mM NaCl (n = 6 animals) but did respond to 500 mM (n = 11). d Average Ca²⁺ transients (±SEM) in ASH neurons of che-1(p679) animals after 600 s pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl in response to an increase to 200 or 500 mM NaCl. Only very weak responses to 200 mM NaCl could be observed in che-1 animals (n = 11, 3 out of 11 worms showed a response). The same che-1 animals did respond to 500 mM NaCl after a 2 min wash (n = 11). e Average maximum ratio changes (±SEM) in ASH of che-1 mutant animals after exposure to 200 or 500 mM NaCl, in animals pre-exposed to 100 mM NaCl for 600 s, or to control condition (100 or 0 mM NaCl bath solution, respectively). Individual data points have been indicated as dots. f–k Average Ca²⁺ transients (±SEM) in ASH neurons of various neurotransmitter mutants after 600 s pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl in response to an increase to 200 and subsequently 500 mM NaCl. None of these mutants showed a significantly stronger response to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure than in the naïve situation (p > 0.05). Only responses of animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl were included. f Two out of eight unc-13(e51) animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl responded to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl. g Two out of nine eat-4(ad819) animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl responded to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl. h Three out of seven unc-31(e928) animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl responded to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl. i Three out of nine egl-3(ok979) animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl responded to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl. j Three out of nine cat-2(tm2261) animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl responded to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl. k One out of eight tph-1(mg280) animals that responded to 500 mM NaCl responded to 200 mM NaCl after pre-exposure to 100 mM NaCl. Statistically significant differences have been indicated. Source data underlying this figure are available in Supplementary Data 6.