Table 1.

Time from model prediction to clinical suspicion of infection.

	Δtlactate (in hours)	Δtsuspicion (in hours)	ΔtABX (in hours)	Δtculture (in hours)
Hospital-A Temporal ICU
COMPOSER	2 [0 7]	8.4 [1.2 11.5]	12.2 [3.2 22.8]	11.2 [5.2 11.9]
ESPM (score>5)	1 [0 5]	3.5 [0.2 11.2]	10.2 [1.0 18.9]	8.9 [1.2 11.9]
Hospital-A Temporal ED
COMPOSER	1 [1 2]	1.0 [0.3 2.3]	2.1 [0.8 4.5]	0.8 [0.2 3.4]
ESPM (score>5)	0 [−1 1]	0.1 [−0.9 0.65]	0.6 [0.2 2.0]	0.2 [−0.8 1.0]

The difference between the time at which an alarm (t_alarm) was fired (i.e., risk score exceeded a decision threshold) and t_lactate /t_suspicion/t_ABX/t_culture for the Hospital-A Temporal ICU and ED cohorts are shown. t_alarm corresponded to the earliest time at which an alarm was fired in the interval [t_suspicion˗ 12 h, t_suspicion+ 12 h]. t_lactate corresponded to the earliest time at which a lactate measurement was made in the interval [t_suspicion˗ 12 h, t_suspicion+ 12 h]. t_ABX corresponded to the time at which antibiotics were ordered following t_suspicion. t_culture corresponded to the time at which cultures were ordered following t_suspicion. A negative value indicates the alarm was fired after the time point of interest.