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. 2021 Sep 4;398(10303):870–905. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01207-1

Table.

Neonatal and under-5 deaths in 2000, 2015, and 2019, by country, GBD region, GBD super-region, and SDI, and at the global level for both sexes combined; and neonatal mortality rate in 2019 with reference scenario for 2030

Neonatal deaths
NMR
Under-5 deaths
U5MR
2000 2015 2019 2019 2030* 2000 2015 2019 2019 2030*
SDI regions
Global 3 760 000 (3 530 000–4 020 000) 2 820 000 (2 480 000–3 200 000) 2 420 000 (2 060 000–2 860 000) 17·9 (16·3–19·8) 15·4 9 650 000 (9 050 000–10 300 000) 6 100 000 (5 350 000–6 910 000) 5 050 000 (4 270 000–6 020 000) 37·1 (33·2–41·7) 29·6
Low SDI 1 260 000 (1 190 000–1 340 000) 1 190 000 (1 030 000–1 370 000) 1 110 000 (918 000–1 340 000) 27·0 (24·0–30·8) 21·4 4 010 000 (3 780 000–4 260 000) 3 040 000 (2 630 000–3 520 000) 2 670 000 (2 220 000–3 240 000) 71·8 (63·3–82·5) 47·0
Low-middle SDI 1 480 000 (1 370 000–1 600 000) 1 020 000 (883 000–1 170 000) 841 000 (716 000–985 000) 21·7 (19·7–24·0) 19·1 3 390 000 (3 140 000–3 630 000) 1 890 000 (1 640 000–2 150 000) 1 490 000 (1 260 000–1 750 000) 42·0 (37·8–46·7) 30·3
Middle SDI 777 000 (724 000–835 000) 479 000 (419 000–546 000) 368 000 (312 000–432 000) 10·1 (9·11–11·2) 16·3 1 730 000 (1 610 000–1 850 000) 912 000 (803 000–1 040 000) 686 000 (583 000–810 000) 18·9 (17·1–21·0) 27·3
High-middle SDI 199 000 (187 000–213 000) 104 000 (94 200–115 000) 78 100 (67 100–90 900) 5·10 (4·71–5·55) 3·30 427 000 (400 000–455 000) 197 000 (180 000–217 000) 150 000 (130 000–172 000) 9·36 (8·66–10·2) 6·12
High SDI 43 500 (41 600–45 300) 30 500 (29 300–31 700) 26 800 (24 300–29 600) 2·60 (2·51–2·70) 2·57 84 400 (81 000–88 300) 55 800 (54 200–57 600) 48 600 (44 500–53 200) 4·70 (4·56–4·86) 5·02
GBD super-regions
Central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia 57 800 (54 300–61 800) 39 400 (35 500–43 800) 30 800 (26 400–36 000) 5·88 (5·35–6·52) 4·95 127 000 (119 000–135 000) 77 900 (70 200–86 900) 61 100 (52 200–72 100) 11·5 (10·4–12·8) 9·34
Central Asia 31 600 (28 300–35 100) 25 400 (21 900–29 400) 20 500 (17 200–24 600) 10·8 (9·62–12·2) 8·99 75 400 (68 200–82 900) 49 300 (42 200–57 700) 39 700 (33 200–48 400) 20·7 (18·3–23·7) 16·2
Armenia 661 (595–733) 310 (256–378) 230 (181–292) 5·96 (5·04–7·21) 4·46 1290 (1140–1460) 605 (502–732) 452 (357–575) 11·4 (9·55–13·7) 8·90
Azerbaijan 4450 (3710–5260) 3410 (2860–3990) 2590 (2130–3110) 16·8 (14·8–19·4) 14·0 9530 (8060–11 100) 5750 (4760–6910) 4310 (3430–5370) 27·6 (23·2–33·4) 21·5
Georgia 1060 (892–1250) 376 (308–457) 266 (208–336) 5·79 (4·76–7·10) 4·04 1740 (1480–2040) 669 (553–811) 482 (382–603) 10·2 (8·57–12·5) 7·02
Kazakhstan 3260 (2790–3780) 2520 (2050–3070) 1970 (1530–2600) 5·60 (4·61–6·88) 4·09 8300 (7250–9410) 5420 (4450–6550) 4330 (3410–5540) 12·1 (10·1–14·7) 8·86
Kyrgyzstan 1960 (1760–2170) 2060 (1870–2230) 1560 (1360–1790) 10·8 (9·91–11·8) 8·57 4380 (3910–4890) 3290 (3090–3490) 2520 (2210–2870) 17·4 (15·9–19·0) 13·0
Mongolia 1270 (1120–1430) 990 (836–1170) 773 (633–966) 9·29 (7·86–11·1) 6·89 3400 (3030–3780) 1810 (1550–2120) 1430 (1180–1770) 17·0 (14·5–20·4) 10·2
Tajikistan 4310 (3650–5070) 4100 (3440–4800) 3730 (3180–4380) 14·7 (13·2–16·4) 11·8 12 500 (11 200–13 900) 9220 (7780–11 000) 8100 (6540–10 000) 32·1 (27·5–37·3) 21·8
Turkmenistan 2260 (1900–2640) 1870 (1590–2170) 1510 (1290–1770) 13·4 (11·7–15·1) 10·3 5990 (5240–6870) 3620 (3000–4260) 2870 (2380–3480) 25·2 (21·4–29·6) 19·4
Uzbekistan 12 300 (10 600–14 400) 9760 (7900–11 900) 7900 (6360–10 000) 11·1 (9·25–13·4) 10·0 28 300 (24 700–32 800) 18 900 (15 400–22 900) 15 200 (12 400–19 200) 21·2 (17·8–25·7) 18·2
Central Europe 8250 (7940–8590) 3720 (3560–3890) 2930 (2340–3670) 2·72 (2·44–3·03) 1·99 16 700 (16 200–17 200) 6990 (6690–7290) 5550 (4520–6800) 5·06 (4·52–5·63) 3·67
Albania 845 (739–980) 266 (202–345) 217 (150–317) 5·77 (4·39–7·68) 4·81 1760 (1530–2030) 550 (450–676) 451 (344–595) 11·9 (9·94–14·4) 9·15
Bosnia and Herzegovina 320 (294–344) 138 (125–153) 103 (85·3–126) 3·95 (3·35–4·67) 3·22 438 (406–471) 191 (173–211) 143 (120–173) 5·41 (4·59–6·39) 4·38
Bulgaria 534 (487–582) 258 (236–280) 214 (168–271) 3·54 (3·03–4·16) 2·71 1220 (1160–1280) 532 (502–566) 447 (359–556) 7·29 (6·21–8·57) 5·61
Croatia 236 (220–254) 115 (104–126) 90·5 (67·5–120) 2·56 (2·17–3·02) 1·93 361 (339–383) 181 (165–198) 141 (107–184) 3·95 (3·35–4·67) 2·96
Czech Republic 236 (215–256) 174 (158–190) 159 (123–201) 1·45 (1·26–1·67) 1·08 483 (454–513) 342 (318–365) 293 (232–369) 2·64 (2·28–3·06) 1·87
Hungary 572 (530–615) 252 (229–275) 173 (132–224) 2·09 (1·81–2·42) 1·37 1020 (970–1070) 489 (458–521) 336 (262–428) 4·00 (3·46–4·62) 2·80
Montenegro 77·4 (68·7–86·7) 18·1 (15·4–21·4) 15·1 (12·5–18·3) 2·29 (1·96–2·67) 1·60 116 (104–130) 29·8 (25·5–34·6) 24·9 (20·6–30·0) 3·74 (3·19–4·38) 2·58
North Macedonia 226 (203–248) 155 (140–170) 123 (99·9–149) 5·52 (4·70–6·49) 4·13 399 (366–434) 239 (215–263) 191 (155–230) 8·51 (7·23–10·0) 6·00
Poland 1920 (1780–2060) 988 (916–1060) 787 (579–1060) 2·15 (1·84–2·52) 1·36 3530 (3380–3680) 1770 (1680–1850) 1420 (1070–1880) 3·85 (3·29–4·51) 2·60
Romania 2090 (1920–2260) 884 (815–953) 690 (556–842) 3·98 (3·50–4·60) 3·17 5130 (5010–5260) 1790 (1710–1870) 1420 (1160–1730) 8·03 (7·02–9·33) 5·89
Serbia 865 (736–1010) 269 (250–291) 196 (154–245) 2·45 (2·08–2·92) 1·47 1590 (1360–1860) 454 (426–486) 334 (263–421) 4·12 (3·51–4·93) 2·42
Slovakia 266 (243–289) 174 (160–187) 141 (106–186) 2·52 (2·15–2·97) 1·85 533 (502–565) 364 (340–389) 301 (232–390) 5·33 (4·53–6·27) 4·45
Slovenia 57·9 (53·4–63·0) 31·4 (28·1–35·3) 23·8 (17·9–31·5) 1·26 (1·09–1·46) 0·930 96·1 (88·8–104) 49·4 (44·1–55·4) 38·1 (29·3–49·5) 1·98 (1·70–2·31) 1·43
Eastern Europe 18 000 (17 400–18 600) 10 300 (9920–10 600) 7340 (6140–8710) 3·27 (3·02–3·55) 2·41 34 500 (33 900–35 200) 21 600 (21 000–22 200) 15 900 (13 300–18 600) 6·87 (6·26–7·54) 5·29
Belarus 746 (628–875) 328 (271–394) 244 (188–310) 2·38 (1·99–2·90) 1·51 1510 (1280–1780) 730 (607–884) 562 (437–729) 5·31 (4·44–6·46) 3·64
Estonia 67·4 (62·2–72·9) 19·7 (17·5–22·1) 15·1 (12·4–18·4) 1·14 (0·980–1·35) 0·710 142 (132–152) 46·0 (40·9–51·5) 35·6 (29·5–43·4) 2·65 (2·27–3·14) 1·64
Latvia 139 (127–152) 55·4 (50·2–60·3) 41·0 (33·9–49·5) 2·14 (1·86–2·50) 1·54 272 (256–288) 108 (98·3–117) 82·8 (69·3–99·3) 4·21 (3·63–4·95) 3·01
Lithuania 156 (145–167) 70·8 (63·4–78·3) 48·6 (41·9–56·2) 1·80 (1·65–1·98) 1·20 369 (350–389) 155 (143–168) 110 (93·8–130) 4·00 (3·52–4·62) 2·83
Moldova 734 (639–847) 374 (304–460) 278 (214–361) 8·64 (7·14–10·7) 6·69 1240 (1090–1430) 536 (438–647) 399 (315–505) 12·2 (10·2–14·7) 8·96
Russia 12 400 (11 900–12 900) 7040 (6790–7270) 4990 (4010–6050) 3·00 (2·65–3·38) 2·19 24 500 (24 200–24 900) 15 200 (15 000–15 500) 11 200 (9190–13 400) 6·53 (5·75–7·41) 5·04
Ukraine 3760 (3460–4080) 2360 (2130–2600) 1720 (1390–2120) 4·45 (3·89–5·12) 3·45 6440 (6110–6770) 4770 (4360–5180) 3500 (2920–4260) 8·76 (7·85–9·73) 7·05
High income 47 600 (46 200–49 000) 35 400 (34 300–36 500) 31 200 (27 400–35 500) 2·78 (2·70–2·88) 2·39 88 900 (88 200–89 700) 63 500 (62 700–64 400) 55 600 (49 700–62 600) 4·95 (4·78–5·12) 4·14
Australasia 1060 (1020–1110) 886 (847–927) 794 (677–931) 2·14 (2·03–2·26) 1·77 1980 (1930–2030) 1530 (1480–1580) 1380 (1200–1590) 3·73 (3·53–3·95) 2·96
Australia 863 (824–902) 710 (680–744) 647 (558–751) 2·08 (1·98–2·18) 1·68 1550 (1510–1590) 1220 (1180–1250) 1110 (973–1260) 3·57 (3·41–3·76) 2·80
New Zealand 199 (187–212) 175 (165–187) 147 (120–180) 2·46 (2·26–2·68) 2·21 431 (411–452) 313 (296–331) 270 (225–325) 4·53 (4·16–4·95) 3·80
High-income Asia Pacific 3830 (3530–4140) 1730 (1590–1870) 1430 (1290–1590) 1·04 (0·990–1·08) 0·810 9500 (9190–9820) 4440 (4240–4650) 3670 (3350–4000) 2·62 (2·52–2·71) 2·03
Brunei 36·4 (32·0–41·1) 34·7 (30·8–39·2) 31·9 (24·4–41·7) 4·85 (4·09–5·73) 4·43 70·8 (63·2–79·0) 66·8 (59·4–75·0) 60·2 (46·7–77·5) 9·19 (7·73–10·9) 8·27
Japan 2100 (1860–2370) 964 (880–1050) 782 (697–880) 0·870 (0·850–0·890) 0·640 5290 (5190–5410) 2740 (2650–2830) 2240 (2060–2450) 2·43 (2·36–2·51) 1·86
Singapore 95·7 (86·6–106) 58·8 (44·2–78·8) 50·5 (35·2–71·0) 0·880 (0·770–1·00) 0·650 198 (183–215) 123 (96·5–157) 105 (79·1–140) 1·82 (1·60–2·09) 1·35
South Korea 1600 (1450–1770) 673 (589–774) 567 (481–658) 1·37 (1·23–1·51) 1·15 3930 (3660–4200) 1500 (1370–1650) 1260 (1100–1450) 3·03 (2·82–3·26) 2·43
High-income North America 19 900 (18 700–21 000) 16 800 (15 800–17 700) 15 200 (14 000–16 500) 3·61 (3·55–3·67) 3·29 35 400 (35 200–35 700) 29 500 (29 200–29 800) 26 600 (24 600–28 700) 6·32 (6·18–6·47) 5·57
Canada 1200 (1120–1280) 1220 (1140–1310) 1110 (996–1250) 2·98 (2·86–3·10) 2·66 2040 (2000–2090) 2010 (1960–2060) 1820 (1640–2010) 4·86 (4·67–5·07) 4·23
Greenland 9·98 (8·56–11·5) 4·92 (3·88–6·22) 4·10 (2·66–6·22) 5·14 (3·74–6·97) 3·78 18·8 (15·9–22·0) 9·09 (7·09–11·6) 7·59 (4·97–11·4) 9·47 (6·85–12·9) 6·69
USA 18 700 (17 500–19 800) 15 500 (14 600–16 400) 14 000 (13 000–15 300) 3·67 (3·62–3·73) 3·36 33 400 (33 100–33 600) 27 500 (27 200–27 800) 24 700 (23 000–26 700) 6·46 (6·33–6·60) 5·71
Southern Latin America 9300 (9060–9520) 6180 (5950–6420) 5240 (4140–6640) 5·38 (5·08–5·72) 4·30 17 100 (16 900–17 300) 11 100 (10 900–11 300) 9370 (7600–11 600) 9·61 (9·09–10·2) 7·59
Argentina 7380 (7150–7610) 4810 (4590–5020) 4120 (3300–5160) 5·89 (5·70–6·10) 4·67 13 400 (13 200–13 500) 8710 (8580–8840) 7420 (6110–9050) 10·6 (10·3–11·0) 8·37
Chile 1420 (1360–1500) 1140 (1090–1180) 907 (686–1200) 3·98 (3·41–4·65) 3·31 2840 (2750–2930) 1960 (1880–2030) 1560 (1200–2020) 6·84 (5·87–7·99) 5·44
Uruguay 493 (442–545) 240 (207–276) 211 (154–286) 4·54 (3·97–5·19) 3·37 884 (818–955) 439 (395–486) 388 (289–516) 8·29 (7·26–9·48) 6·11
Western Europe 13 500 (13 000–14 000) 9810 (9300–10 300) 8550 (7370–9960) 2·00 (1·91–2·10) 1·61 24 900 (24 700–25 200) 17 000 (16 600–17 300) 14 700 (12 900–16 800) 3·42 (3·29–3·57) 2·69
Andorra 1·11 (0·900–1·35) 0·585 (0·469–0·729) 0·516 (0·384–0·674) 0·820 (0·690–0·980) 0·540 2·59 (2·06–3·15) 1·30 (1·06–1·62) 1·11 (0·843–1·43) 1·77 (1·48–2·10) 1·16
Austria 238 (217–257) 186 (170–201) 166 (141–192) 1·90 (1·69–2·10) 1·52 445 (427–463) 307 (294–322) 282 (252–316) 3·22 (3·03–3·42) 2·50
Belgium 343 (303–387) 258 (222–291) 230 (189–279) 1·89 (1·78–2·01) 1·48 690 (666–715) 480 (457–502) 423 (354–505) 3·48 (3·27–3·71) 2·68
Cyprus 43·4 (38·7–48·6) 28·7 (24·4–33·3) 27·3 (19·9–36·6) 1·80 (1·42–2·24) 1·31 77·3 (69·6–85·7) 49·3 (42·2–57·1) 47·9 (35·4–63·2) 3·17 (2·52–3·94) 2·32
Denmark 216 (187–245) 157 (143–171) 145 (118–179) 2·31 (2·12–2·52) 1·90 371 (348–392) 237 (221–255) 218 (179–264) 3·48 (3·20–3·79) 2·73
Finland 136 (124–149) 65·4 (59·4–71·9) 58·9 (49·3–70·5) 1·18 (1·08–1·29) 0·860 244 (230–258) 125 (117–134) 110 (94·0–130) 2·20 (2·01–2·41) 1·63
France 2150 (1910–2370) 1740 (1590–1900) 1480 (1270–1720) 2·05 (1·95–2·16) 1·72 4160 (4080–4250) 3110 (3040–3190) 2600 (2280–2960) 3·60 (3·42–3·79) 2·87
Germany 2110 (1920–2280) 1610 (1490–1730) 1440 (1320–1580) 1·95 (1·88–2·03) 1·64 4120 (4050–4190) 2730 (2660–2790) 2450 (2250–2670) 3·33 (3·21–3·47) 2·63
Greece 390 (361–416) 242 (223–262) 188 (152–233) 2·17 (1·99–2·38) 1·54 643 (617–671) 484 (459–508) 339 (279–413) 3·85 (3·53–4·21) 2·87
Iceland 9·77 (8·00–11·8) 6·69 (5·23–8·58) 6·28 (3·84–9·95) 1·45 (1·04–2·00) 1·20 15·9 (13·1–19·0) 10·9 (8·48–13·8) 9·95 (6·21–15·5) 2·31 (1·65–3·20) 1·84
Ireland 221 (201–241) 157 (141–175) 124 (97·7–157) 2·04 (1·88–2·21) 1·60 385 (364–407) 253 (234–274) 200 (160–249) 3·25 (3·00–3·54) 2·48
Israel 483 (425–544) 369 (325–413) 331 (265–408) 1·72 (1·65–1·79) 1·27 920 (896–944) 675 (656–696) 609 (508–724) 3·18 (3·06–3·30) 2·37
Italy 1710 (1510–1890) 982 (906–1050) 770 (680–878) 1·75 (1·69–1·81) 1·20 2980 (2930–3030) 1710 (1670–1750) 1320 (1190–1480) 2·98 (2·88–3·08) 2·14
Luxembourg 14·0 (11·7–16·5) 9·02 (7·20–11·1) 8·56 (5·35–13·3) 1·32 (0·930–1·83) 1·00 27·3 (23·4–31·9) 16·7 (13·5–20·6) 15·5 (9·89–23·7) 2·42 (1·71–3·38) 1·84
Malta 19·7 (17·2–22·4) 18·7 (15·2–22·7) 16·3 (10·8–24·0) 3·80 (2·96–4·83) 3·08 31·1 (27·4–35·3) 27·7 (23·1–33·1) 24·7 (16·8–35·7) 5·74 (4·54–7·23) 4·68
Monaco 0·477 (0·323–0·667) 0·320 (0·229–0·433) 0·287 (0·220–0·367) 1·02 (0·850–1·23) 0·830 1·26 (0·895–1·69) 0·808 (0·606–1·05) 0·727 (0·560–0·925) 2·58 (2·15–3·10) 2·03
Netherlands 777 (723–828) 425 (383–469) 421 (345–513) 2·37 (2·26–2·49) 1·94 1280 (1240–1310) 674 (653–697) 659 (550–790) 3·72 (3·54–3·91) 2·96
Norway 155 (145–164) 92·9 (87·3–99·0) 80·1 (68·0–94·5) 1·41 (1·32–1·51) 1·10 284 (272–297) 166 (157–174) 142 (123–164) 2·50 (2·34–2·67) 1·93
Portugal 405 (363–445) 178 (154–202) 129 (100–166) 1·61 (1·49–1·75) 1·08 841 (802–884) 313 (289–340) 229 (181–286) 2·82 (2·60–3·06) 1·78
San Marino 0·977 (0·724–1·27) 0·655 (0·493–0·861) 0·606 (0·466–0·773) 1·95 (1·62–2·33) 1·57 1·83 (1·35–2·39) 1·23 (0·928–1·61) 1·13 (0·873–1·44) 3·63 (3·03–4·36) 2·85
Spain 1090 (983–1200) 760 (680–833) 603 (493–731) 1·63 (1·39–1·86) 1·20 2130 (2090–2170) 1400 (1360–1430) 1130 (996–1290) 2·98 (2·88–3·10) 2·19
Sweden 193 (182–203) 180 (153–208) 165 (141–191) 1·41 (1·27–1·54) 1·12 357 (341–375) 335 (317–352) 302 (265–345) 2·58 (2·38–2·81) 2·07
Switzerland 269 (244–294) 263 (242–284) 227 (200–259) 2·57 (2·43–2·72) 2·26 457 (440–475) 375 (358–392) 323 (286–365) 3·66 (3·46–3·88) 3·04
UK 2510 (2420–2610) 2070 (1800–2290) 1920 (1590–2310) 2·45 (2·14–2·76) 2·09 4440 (4350–4530) 3470 (3400–3550) 3210 (2810–3660) 4·10 (3·97–4·25) 3·41
Latin America and Caribbean 181 000 (164 000–198 000) 112 000 (94 800–131 000) 93 900 (74 900–116 000) 9·56 (8·28–11·1) 7·77 397 000 (369 000–427 000) 226 000 (192 000–263 000) 187 000 (149 000–231 000) 19·0 (16·2–22·3) 14·3
Andean Latin America 22 700 (20 100–25 400) 14 900 (12 400–17 800) 12 600 (9620–16 300) 9·42 (8·38–10·6) 7·58 56 000 (51 000–61 500) 29 600 (25 000–34 800) 24 900 (19 200–31 900) 18·6 (16·5–21·1) 14·3
Bolivia 6710 (5980–7470) 5560 (4680–6610) 4840 (3880–5990) 14·8 (12·6–17·7) 12·2 18 300 (16 500–20 100) 11 400 (9660–13 400) 9630 (7800–11 800) 29·5 (25·2–35·1) 22·7
Ecuador 5400 (4430–6510) 3050 (2290–3990) 2720 (1870–3830) 7·74 (6·19–9·65) 6·22 11 300 (9570–13 100) 5980 (4730–7430) 5300 (3790–7240) 15·1 (12·7–18·1) 11·5
Peru 10 600 (9120–12 200) 6290 (4750–8220) 5010 (3550–6960) 7·61 (6·37–9·11) 5·92 26 400 (23 100–29 700) 12 200 (9430–15 400) 9980 (7070–13 800) 15·1 (12·6–18·1) 11·4
Caribbean 18 100 (16 500–19 800) 17 200 (14 200–20 300) 15 800 (12 300–20 000) 19·3 (15·8–23·3) 16·5 44 900 (40 800–49 200) 36 300 (31 000–42 500) 32 000 (26 000–39 000) 38·8 (33·2–45·3) 28·9
Antigua and Barbuda 13·4 (10·8–16·4) 6·15 (4·56–8·09) 5·34 (3·80–7·37) 5·35 (4·61–6·19) 4·47 20·9 (16·9–25·4) 12·2 (9·04–16·2) 10·4 (7·22–14·6) 10·3 (8·61–12·3) 8·97
The Bahamas 38·0 (31·0–45·1) 28·1 (20·4–39·2) 24·7 (18·5–32·7) 6·08 (4·94–7·62) 5·32 80·5 (67·4–94·1) 53·8 (41·1–71·1) 48·2 (37·0–62·2) 11·7 (9·94–14·2) 10·3
Barbados 40·6 (33·5–48·9) 27·0 (20·5–34·8) 24·7 (17·0–35·3) 8·64 (7·24–10·3) 7·85 57·4 (47·5–68·7) 38·0 (29·2–48·6) 34·9 (24·1–49·7) 12·2 (10·2–14·5) 10·9
Belize 87·6 (76·5–101) 72·9 (60·3–86·7) 69·1 (56·4–83·9) 9·13 (7·97–10·6) 8·21 174 (150–202) 124 (101–147) 116 (92·3–144) 15·4 (13·0–18·6) 12·4
Bermuda 2·43 (1·91–3·08) 1·66 (1·32–2·05) 1·40 (0·971–1·95) 2·71 (2·24–3·28) 2·31 4·76 (3·94–5·80) 2·96 (2·39–3·63) 2·44 (1·76–3·34) 4·66 (3·92–5·54) 3·72
Cuba 608 (553–664) 330 (294–368) 236 (188–291) 2·26 (1·98–2·59) 1·67 1260 (1210–1310) 703 (666–741) 503 (409–608) 4·74 (4·12–5·43) 3·40
Dominica 15·8 (12·6–19·4) 14·6 (11·2–18·6) 13·5 (9·43–18·9) 16·2 (13·6–19·3) 19·0 25·8 (20·6–31·5) 23·6 (18·3–30·1) 21·7 (15·3–30·2) 26·0 (21·8–31·0) 29·7
Dominican Republic 5570 (4700–6490) 4450 (3460–5560) 3910 (2800–5370) 16·9 (14·1–20·2) 14·8 10 100 (8860–11 400) 6740 (5430–8290) 5850 (4230–7950) 25·2 (21·1–30·2) 20·4
Grenada 19·8 (15·0–25·6) 14·1 (10·4–18·9) 12·1 (8·43–17·1) 8·62 (7·26–10·2) 7·58 35·4 (27·5–44·3) 23·1 (17·1–30·9) 19·5 (13·6–27·5) 13·8 (11·6–16·5) 11·7
Guyana 418 (354–490) 241 (179–319) 217 (153–303) 15·0 (12·6–17·9) 12·7 692 (606–777) 377 (278–495) 333 (236–462) 23·1 (19·4–27·4) 19·1
Haiti 8840 (7850–9890) 10 300 (8020–12 900) 9810 (7690–12 200) 29·5 (23·0–36·8) 24·4 28 200 (24 900–31 800) 25 400 (21 600–29 900) 22 600 (18 800–27 000) 68·3 (58·7–79·5) 47·8
Jamaica 732 (578–913) 525 (407–670) 454 (320–627) 12·6 (10·6–15·0) 11·7 1010 (807–1240) 656 (513–839) 568 (403–785) 15·7 (13·1–18·7) 13·4
Puerto Rico 432 (399–467) 150 (133–167) 128 (94·5–171) 5·03 (4·27–5·92) 4·17 650 (617–686) 239 (223–258) 197 (148–259) 7·67 (6·52–9·04) 6·49
Saint Kitts and Nevis 12·2 (10·3–14·5) 8·43 (6·57–10·8) 7·10 (5·55–9·00) 10·2 (8·82–11·9) 8·77 18·9 (16·1–22·2) 12·7 (9·88–16·1) 10·7 (8·32–13·6) 15·3 (13·1–17·9) 11·4
Saint Lucia 38·1 (30·9–46·0) 22·6 (16·5–30·8) 18·9 (12·9–27·1) 10·6 (8·89–12·6) 9·87 55·9 (45·5–67·7) 31·4 (22·9–42·9) 26·3 (18·0–37·4) 14·6 (12·2–17·4) 13·0
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 35·3 (29·0–41·9) 18·1 (13·8–23·7) 14·8 (10·5–20·5) 9·74 (8·26–11·5) 8·49 55·2 (44·3–68·0) 28·4 (21·6–37·3) 23·4 (16·4–32·8) 15·2 (12·8–18·2) 12·5
Suriname 246 (210–287) 182 (146–224) 155 (109–215) 16·8 (14·1–20·0) 13·8 414 (353–481) 281 (228–344) 238 (169–326) 25·7 (21·6–30·6) 20·4
Trinidad and Tobago 327 (274–393) 185 (140–238) 156 (110–218) 10·1 (8·48–12·1) 8·84 478 (397–575) 281 (219–354) 238 (169–329) 15·2 (12·7–18·2) 13·1
Virgin Islands 14·9 (12·2–17·8) 7·08 (5·50–8·98) 5·90 (4·21–8·11) 4·62 (3·91–5·46) 3·57 22·7 (18·8–27·2) 10·6 (8·16–13·3) 8·76 (6·28–12·0) 6·79 (5·74–8·05) 5·26
Central Latin America 70 000 (61 400–79 900) 40 600 (34 000–48 200) 33 200 (26 400–41 200) 7·50 (6·65–8·47) 6·02 143 000 (130 000–157 000) 80 100 (67 100–94 100) 65 400 (50 700–83 700) 14·8 (12·4–17·5) 11·2
Colombia 13 400 (11 300–15 700) 6610 5020–8340) 5410 (3660–7660) 6·68 (5·27–8·35) 5·21 24 900 (22 000–28 200) 12 500 (9900–15 400) 10 300 (7410–13 900) 12·6 (10·6–15·0) 9·85
Costa Rica 553 (503–606) 412 (375–452) 338 (242–466) 5·07 (4·33–5·94) 4·32 959 (889–1040) 641 (589–695) 532 (388–717) 7·93 (6·76–9·30) 6·59
El Salvador 1770 (1400–2150) 792 (606–1020) 593 (412–835) 5·26 (4·11–6·59) 3·86 4290 (3730–4950) 1680 (1340–2100) 1240 (896–1690) 10·9 (9·18–13·1) 7·90
Guatemala 7130 (6170–8200) 3830 (3090–4680) 3440 (2460–4720) 8·35 (7·07–9·86) 6·22 18 100 (16 000–20 300) 10 400 (8520–12 500) 8870 (6410–12 100) 21·7 (18·3–25·8) 14·8
Honduras 3300 (2790–3850) 2500 (1990–3110) 2180 (1710–2720) 9·33 (7·81–11·1) 7·53 6880 (5900–7990) 4570 (3650–5630) 3970 (3140–4940) 17·2 (14·4–20·5) 12·9
Mexico 35 300 (28 000–43 400) 19 200 (15 400–24 200) 15 700 (12 100–20 200) 7·44 (6·52–8·53) 6·12 69 800 (61 700–78 900) 37 400 (30 500–45 200) 30 300 (24 200–37 500) 14·4 (12·2–17·1) 11·2
Nicaragua 1930 (1580–2280) 1070 (823–1360) 860 (653–1100) 6·58 (5·40–8·01) 4·84 4570 (3930–5230) 2350 (1930–2830) 1880 (1530–2300) 14·4 (12·1–17·1) 10·0
Panama 617 (509–741) 539 (447–646) 490 (355–665) 6·42 (5·39–7·64) 4·98 1430 (1200–1700) 1210 (1000–1440) 1100 (818–1460) 14·5 (12·1–17·3) 11·5
Venezuela 5990 (5650–6320) 5640 (4850–6590) 4240 (3000–5870) 8·83 (7·42–10·5) 7·64 11 700 (11 100–12 400) 9370 (8140–10 800) 7220 (5200–9880) 14·8 (12·4–17·6) 11·8
Tropical Latin America 70 000 (61 000–79 000) 39 600 (32 300–47 300) 32 300 (25 500–39 700) 9·96 (8·41–11·8) 8·10 154 000 (138 000–169 000) 79 800 (66 800–95 400) 64 600 (51 300–79 200) 19·8 (16·7–23·4) 15·1
Brazil 68 100 (59 200–77 200) 38 700 (31 500–46 500) 31 600 (24 900–38 700) 10·1 (8·55–12·0) 8·26 150 000 (135 000–166 000) 77 700 (65 100–92 700) 62 800 (49 900–77 000) 20·0 (16·9–23·7) 15·3
Paraguay 1900 (1590–2220) 853 (648–1100) 733 (525–1010) 5·80 (4·88–6·90) 4·53 3490 (2950–4040) 2060 (1580–2650) 1770 (1280–2410) 14·0 (11·8–16·6) 12·0
North Africa and Middle East 298 000 (268 000–328 000) 182 000 (159 000–210 000) 150 000 (129 000–173 000) 12·2 (11·1–13·3) 9·82 682 000 (623 000–742 000) 382 000 (333 000–442 000) 300 000 (255 000–353 000) 24·4 (22·3–26·7) 18·2
Afghanistan 38 900 (32 600–45 400) 34 900 (29 100–41 100) 37 400 (31 300–44 200) 25·0 (21·6–28·4) 19·5 120 000 (108 000–133 000) 83 800 (71 000–99 000) 81 400 (67 900–97 200) 55·3 (47·9–63·5) 37·2
Algeria 15 600 (12 800–18 600) 13 600 (11 200–16 100) 10 700 (8220–13 400) 12·0 (9·83–14·4) 10·4 29 400 (25 400–33 700) 22 200 (19 000–25 900) 17 300 (14 500–20 500) 19·5 (17·0–22·4) 16·0
Bahrain 64·5 (57·6–72·6) 42·9 (35·9–51·4) 30·7 (24·6–38·7) 2·36 (2·13–2·59) 1·57 158 (142–175) 126 (107–147) 87·3 (69·8–109) 6·53 (5·79–7·36) 5·02
Egypt 40 500 (33 400–47 600) 15 400 (12 000–20 100) 11 800 (8250–16 200) 5·55 (4·20–7·20) 3·11 84 400 (72 600–96 300) 47 400 (38 200–57 600) 32 600 (24 600–42 600) 15·3 (12·8–18·3) 8·27
Iran 33 700 (27 500–40 300) 18 000 (15 500–20 800) 9140 (7440–11 100) 6·77 (6·09–7·44) 5·19 60 800 (50 200–72 500) 29 100 (25 500–33 200) 15 200 (12 700–18 400) 11·1 (10·2–12·0) 7·83
Iraq 22 100 (19 500–25 000) 12 300 (9300–16 300) 9130 (6610–12 800) 9·49 (7·92–11·5) 7·51 40 700 (35 800–46 000) 23 000 (18 100–29 100) 15 000 (11 000–20 700) 15·7 (13·2–18·9) 11·9
Jordan 2160 (1830–2520) 2070 (1610–2660) 2130 (1570–2930) 8·80 (7·46–10·6) 6·72 3610 (3040–4220) 3540 (2750–4520) 3640 (2680–5010) 15·3 (13·0–18·3) 11·3
Kuwait 262 (234–292) 369 (324–422) 310 (242–402) 5·09 (4·30–5·99) 4·46 500 (463–545) 659 (599–730) 555 (440–708) 9·18 (7·75–10·8) 8·03
Lebanon 1050 (813–1330) 684 (497–938) 521 (373–734) 4·82 (4·02–5·89) 3·65 1920 (1510–2420) 1290 (958–1730) 983 (708–1380) 8·99 (7·51–11·0) 6·99
Libya 1650 (1350–1990) 560 (436–712) 458 (351–583) 5·62 (4·73–6·69) 4·43 3240 (2640–3890) 1470 (1180–1800) 1110 (869–1390) 13·3 (11·4–15·7) 10·4
Morocco 22 200 (17 600–27 300) 9820 (7510–12 500) 6760 (5120–8700) 11·1 (9·74–12·5) 7·92 40 800 (33 500–48 200) 16 200 (11 700–21 900) 11 100 (7860–15 400) 17·9 (15·0–21·4) 11·9
Oman 478 (408–553) 504 (445–564) 418 (357–482) 5·38 (4·86–5·90) 4·25 926 (792–1070) 958 (842–1070) 809 (690–937) 10·4 (9·40–11·4) 8·17
Palestine 1720 (1450–2000) 1050 (803–1320) 800 (606–1060) 6·36 (5·38–7·63) 5·67 3750 (3350–4160) 2060 (1620–2580) 1560 (1180–2060) 12·4 (10·5–14·8) 10·1
Qatar 107 (85·9–133) 127 (103–155) 113 (90·6–144) 4·22 (3·52–5·13) 3·45 199 (165–239) 239 (195–291) 214 (172–274) 8·02 (6·71–9·74) 6·62
Saudi Arabia 5910 (4690–7240) 1670 (1320–2100) 1200 (950–1520) 2·64 (2·20–3·24) 1·48 13 000 (9880–16 500) 3830 (3060–4750) 2610 (2070–3300) 5·73 (4·77–7·01) 3·39
Sudan 43 600 (36 800–50 700) 30 700 (24 800–37 300) 25 700 (20 600–32 500) 21·3 (18·9–24·1) 17·0 124 000 (111 000–137 000) 65 100 (51 100–81 800) 50 700 (37 300–68 600) 41·9 (35·7–50·0) 30·0
Syria 5300 (4670–5950) 3320 (2850–3830) 1590 (1320–1900) 6·88 (5·72–8·32) 5·92 10 800 (10 000–11 700) 8940 (7980–10 100) 3210 (2560–3990) 13·6 (11·7–15·8) 12·0
Tunisia 3590 (2900–4370) 1610 (1260–2010) 1140 (903–1420) 6·82 (5·73–8·12) 5·33 6140 (5160–7180) 2700 (2170–3290) 1920 (1530–2380) 11·3 (9·49–13·5) 8·45
Turkey 28 200 (23 400–33 500) 10 900 (8610–13 800) 8380 (6710–10 400) 8·54 (7·15–10·2) 6·62 61 200 (51 700–71 300) 19 500 (15 500–24 300) 15 100 (12 100–18 700) 15·4 (12·9–18·4) 11·4
United Arab Emirates 305 (269–341) 227 (173–298) 145 (109–197) 2·58 (2·18–3·10) 2·40 587 (532–641) 455 (352–599) 295 (220–399) 4·96 (4·19–5·97) 4·37
Yemen 30 100 (25 300–35 200) 23 900 (19 300–29 200) 21 600 (17 700–26 000) 22·8 (18·8–27·4) 18·7 75 800 (67 600–84 400) 49 200 (40 800–58 800) 44 200 (36 700–53 100) 46·7 (40·2–54·4) 35·1
South Asia 1 560 000 (1 410 000–1 730 000) 1 110 000 (958 000–1 280 000) 899 000 (761 000–1 060 000) 26·9 (24·2–30·0) 21·8 3 040 000 (2 780 000–3 330 000) 1 760 000 (1 510 000–2 020 000) 1 360 000 (1 140 000–1 610 000) 40·5 (36·0–46·0) 29·0
Bangladesh 146 000 (130 000–163 000) 70 100 (54 500–87 600) 52 600 (40 400–66 300) 19·8 (16·4–23·7) 14·2 295 000 (267 000–325 000) 108 000 (90 000–128 000) 77 900 (63 000–94 200) 29·2 (24·9–34·2) 18·4
Bhutan 796 (661–929) 379 (279–499) 287 (207–393) 20·6 (17·5–24·2) 15·0 1580 (1320–1830) 602 (443–788) 445 (322–602) 31·5 (26·7–36·9) 22·2
India 1 070 000 (938 000–1 220 000) 720 000 (606 000–844 000) 558 000 (456 000–689 000) 23·8 (20·1–28·8) 18·8 2 130 000 (1 900 000–2 380 000) 1 150 000 (970 000–1 350 000) 841 000 (692 000–1 040 000) 35·8 (30·2–43·0) 24·6
Nepal 32 500 (28 500–36 700) 14 700 (12 000–18 000) 11 700 (9610–14 100) 19·0 (15·6–23·0) 13·5 65 900 (59 300–73 100) 24 200 (20 500–28 600) 18 000 (14 700–21 800) 29·1 (24·8–34·1) 18·9
Pakistan 309 000 (264 000–356 000) 305 000 (246 000–374 000) 277 000 (226 000–333 000) 41·6 (34·2–50·0) 34·5 552 000 (495 000–614 000) 478 000 (395 000–569 000) 420 000 (346 000–507 000) 63·3 (53·9–74·3) 48·0
Southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania 507 000 (471 000–543 000) 250 000 (215 000–288 000) 194 000 (162 000–230 000) 7·23 (6·29–8·27) 6·17 1 280 000 (1 200 000–1 380 000) 519 000 (456 000–590 000) 405 000 (349 000–467 000) 14·8 (13·2–16·4) 11·7
East Asia 243 000 (222 000–263 000) 86 700 (77 800–96 600) 59 300 (51 500–67 700) 3·83 (3·37–4·37) 2·89 652 000 (594 000–717 000) 185 000 (166 000–206 000) 136 000 (119 000–155 000) 8·56 (7·52–9·76) 5·89
China 229 000 (208 000–249 000) 82 700 (74 000–92 300) 56 400 (49 100–64 400) 3·78 (3·31–4·31) 2·77 610 000 (556 000–666 000) 177 000 (158 000–198 000) 131 000 (114 000–149 000) 8·52 (7·45–9·71) 5·70
North Korea 13 100 (9580–18 000) 3510 (2720–4470) 2420 (1920–3110) 6·91 (5·74–8·45) 5·85 39 200 (25 000–69 700) 6430 (5000–8140) 4460 (3530–5680) 12·6 (10·5–15·4) 9·55
Taiwan (province of China) 967 (889–1050) 532 (498–570) 405 (330–497) 2·31 (1·97–2·75) 2·30 2300 (2230–2380) 1030 (988–1080) 815 (672–998) 4·51 (3·85–5·38) 3·98
Oceania 5900 (5080–6800) 7360 (5910–9040) 7540 (5970–9450) 18·1 (15·2–21·4) 15·4 17 400 (15 000–20 000) 20 200 (16 300–24 700) 19 900 (15 800–25 000) 48·4 (40·7–57·5) 39·0
American Samoa 12·2 (10·5–14·0) 5·67 (4·58–6·85) 5·14 (3·94–6·47) 4·86 (4·23–5·52) 3·88 24·6 (20·7–28·9) 12·2 (9·61–15·3) 10·8 (7·95–14·4) 10·2 (8·72–12·0) 7·72
Cook Islands 2·21 (1·71–2·81) 0·412 (0·326–0·519) 0·303 (0·243–0·375) 1·10 (0·930–1·31) 0·940 5·00 (3·87–6·33) 0·942 (0·742–1·20) 0·685 (0·547–0·848) 2·46 (2·06–2·94) 1·98
Federated States of Micronesia 42·2 (34·0–51·4) 16·4 (12·7–20·5) 13·4 (10·4–16·9) 6·85 (5·72–8·22) 5·05 105 (87·3–125) 35·6 (27·8–44·4) 28·4 (22·1–35·9) 14·5 (12·1–17·4) 10·5
Fiji 217 (172–272) 198 (152–255) 177 (128–241) 10·0 (8·41–12·0) 8·70 471 (376–590) 432 (338–554) 387 (281–521) 21·7 (18·2–25·9) 18·8
Guam 20·2 (18·1–22·5) 24·6 (21·6–28·1) 23·6 (18·8–29·6) 7·18 (6·16–8·40) 7·31 41·3 (36·8–46·1) 46·0 (41·5–51·3) 43·9 (35·6–53·7) 13·3 (11·6–15·3) 12·6
Kiribati 54·1 (44·8–65·3) 48·5 (37·0–63·4) 44·5 (32·3–60·2) 14·6 (12·3–17·5) 12·0 157 (130–190) 116 (88·7–151) 101 (74·0–137) 33·6 (28·1–40·0) 25·4
Marshall Islands 24·5 (19·7–29·6) 13·9 (11·1–17·6) 11·7 (9·32–15·1) 9·38 (7·84–11·4) 7·74 57·9 (49·9–66·6) 29·2 (23·5–36·5) 24·3 (19·4–31·0) 19·3 (16·2–23·4) 16·9
Nauru 5·85 (4·75–7·19) 3·71 (2·96–4·61) 3·04 (2·45–3·89) 10·1 (8·44–12·2) 8·58 17·7 (15·2–20·3) 8·94 (7·27–11·0) 7·03 (5·65–8·95) 23·2 (19·5–28·1) 18·7
Niue 0·415 (0·313–0·540) 0·224 (0·173–0·284) 0·205 (0·160–0·259) 8·12 (6·81–9·68) 6·92 1·01 (0·775–1·28) 0·520 (0·399–0·656) 0·472 (0·367–0·595) 18·6 (15·5–22·2) 15·0
Northern Mariana Islands 9·67 (7·70–11·8) 2·73 (2·25–3·28) 2·22 (1·82–2·69) 4·40 (3·60–5·29) 3·89 17·5 (14·0–21·3) 6·00 (4·77–7·39) 4·69 (3·68–5·83) 9·11 (7·73–10·7) 8·07
Palau 3·22 (2·44–4·16) 1·52 (1·15–1·97) 1·15 (0·876–1·53) 6·04 (5·05–7·38) 5·15 7·78 (5·78–10·3) 3·72 (2·82–4·76) 2·77 (2·11–3·66) 14·0 (11·7–17·0) 11·3
Papua New Guinea 4690 (4010–5470) 6280 (5020–7740) 6530 (5180–8160) 19·6 (16·5–23·3) 16·8 14 400 (12 300–16 700) 17 600 (14 100–21 600) 17 600 (14 000–22 000) 53·8 (45·3–63·9) 43·4
Samoa 30·9 (21·8–42·2) 24·0 (17·5–32·9) 22·3 (15·8–31·0) 6·28 (5·24–7·52) 5·35 65·1 (47·2–86·9) 49·9 (36·6–67·4) 46·4 (32·8–64·1) 13·2 (11·1–15·9) 11·4
Solomon Islands 325 (261–398) 272 (216–333) 245 (197–301) 11·5 (9·65–13·8) 9·36 767 (620–935) 593 (474–728) 519 (421–638) 24·6 (20·6–29·4) 19·2
Tokelau 0·406 (0·322–0·506) 0·139 (0·110–0·176) 0·119 (0·0935–0·149) 3·19 (2·54–3·97) 2·71 0·961 (0·767–1·19) 0·338 (0·265–0·420) 0·286 (0·229–0·351) 7·73 (6·45–9·28) 6·24
Tonga 26·9 (22·0–32·6) 17·5 (13·5–22·8) 14·5 (10·5–19·7) 6·36 (5·31–7·61) 5·37 56·4 (46·7–67·1) 38·0 (29·4–48·7) 31·4 (22·9–42·3) 13·6 (11·4–16·3) 13·7
Tuvalu 4·62 (4·00–5·32) 1·70 (1·26–2·22) 1·42 (1·06–1·93) 6·63 (5·51–8·10) 5·65 10·6 (9·00–12·5) 3·50 (2·66–4·52) 2·92 (2·19–3·90) 13·7 (11·4–16·7) 11·0
Vanuatu 99·6 (78·1–125) 93·4 (75·2–115) 88·3 (70·4–110) 11·6 (9·68–13·8) 9·73 223 (175–277) 201 (163–246) 185 (148–228) 24·4 (20·5–29·2) 20·0
Southeast Asia 259 000 (233 000–283 000) 156 000 (129 000–187 000) 127 000 (102 000–156 000) 11·6 (9·92–13·6) 9·17 615 000 (563 000–665 000) 314 000 (269 000–367 000) 250 000 (209 000–297 000) 22·6 (20·1–25·6) 16·5
Cambodia 12 200 (11 100–13 300) 7330 (5800–9240) 6280 (4810–8280) 16·9 (14·4–20·3) 13·1 35 200 (31 600–38 900) 14 200 (11 200–17 800) 11 600 (8890–15 300) 31·3 (26·5–37·5) 21·6
Indonesia 115 000 (102 000–129 000) 66 500 (50 800–83 100) 52 400 (40 900–65 500) 13·7 (10·9–17·0) 10·5 260 000 (236 000–283 000) 129 000 (106 000–153 000) 98 900 (80 600–121 000) 25·5 (21·6–30·2) 17·8
Laos 7790 (6960–8770) 3960 (3270–4670) 3470 (2760–4280) 19·9 (16·9–23·2) 12·8 21 600 (19 600–23 900) 8680 (7220–10 300) 7100 (5650–8900) 40·9 (35·0–47·5) 18·8
Malaysia 2460 (2240–2680) 2340 (2060–2590) 1910 (1540–2330) 3·55 (3·01–4·20) 2·82 4840 (4720–4980) 4270 (4160–4380) 3410 (2790–4150) 6·42 (5·43–7·59) 4·91
Maldives 134 (112–159) 99·9 (76·4–131) 81·9 (60·0–113) 9·58 (8·05–11·5) 8·08 241 (205–283) 169 (131–217) 140 (103–192) 16·2 (13·7–19·4) 13·6
Mauritius 228 (208–249) 120 (109–132) 104 (77·5–136) 8·07 (6·90–9·39) 6·79 349 (326–372) 192 (177–206) 163 (124–211) 12·6 (10·8–14·7) 10·7
Myanmar 48 300 (40 000–57 000) 26 600 (21 200–32 400) 22 200 (16 300–28 700) 21·0 (17·3–24·8) 16·2 135 000 (117 000–156 000) 55 000 (43 800–67 900) 42 800 (32 100–56 300) 40·3 (34·3–47·1) 28·6
Philippines 37 800 (32 500–44 100) 31 200 (21 800–41 700) 27 400 (19 700–36 400) 10·2 (7·91–13·0) 8·59 87 100 (77 600–97 500) 69 000 (55 700–84 400) 60 000 (47 800–73 200) 22·6 (19·0–26·7) 17·5
Seychelles 13·6 (11·7–15·7) 12·7 (10·5–15·0) 10·7 (8·09–14·0) 7·15 (6·18–8·26) 6·12 20·6 (17·7–23·7) 20·3 (16·8–24·2) 17·3 (13·1–22·6) 11·5 (9·89–13·4) 9·79
Sri Lanka 3300 (3050–3560) 1750 (1430–2130) 1300 (882–1860) 4·37 (3·46–5·45) 3·16 5880 (5510–6240) 3060 (2560–3630) 2290 (1640–3150) 7·61 (6·38–9·08) 5·38
Thailand 7780 (6400–9410) 2790 (2380–3230) 2120 (1660–2670) 3·63 (2·99–4·26) 2·39 16 100 (13 800–19 000) 6030 (5510–6560) 4570 (3760–5480) 7·63 (6·84–8·48) 4·97
Timor-Leste 966 (869–1080) 622 (512–748) 602 (486–741) 15·5 (13·1–18·6) 12·4 3150 (2790–3550) 1340 (1110–1610) 1230 (1000–1520) 32·1 (27·2–38·5) 21·0
Vietnam 22 200 (19 400–25 200) 12 300 (9830–15 400) 9200 (7010–12 300) 6·83 (5·76–8·27) 5·21 44 300 (39 400–49 800) 22 600 (18 100–28 400) 17 100 (13 000–22 700) 12·4 (10·5–15·0) 9·42
Sub-Saharan Africa 1 120 000 (1 050 000–1 190 000) 1 090 000 (938 000–1 270 000) 1 020 000 (847 000–1 250 000) 27·9 (24·7–31·6) 23·6 4 020 000 (3 790 000–4 270 000) 3 070 000 (2 640 000–3 550 000) 2 680 000 (2 220 000–3 250 000) 74·1 (65·3–85·2) 54·4
Central sub-Saharan Africa 124 000 (111 000–137 000) 114 000 (98 400–132 000) 100 000 (85 800–120 000) 22·5 (19·8–25·8) 17·7 509 000 (468 000–553 000) 333 000 (289 000–387 000) 260 000 (222 000–310 000) 58·8 (51·7–67·5) 36·5
Angola 28 700 (25 200–32 100) 26 200 (21 900–31 100) 24 000 (20 100–28 400) 21·7 (19·1–24·5) 16·9 116 000 (105 000–127 000) 73 000 (60 900–85 700) 58 800 (48 100–70 800) 54·2 (46·4–62·9) 33·7
Central African Republic 7730 (6570–8970) 8060 (6320–10 200) 7770 (6150–9930) 39·3 (33·2–47·4) 35·4 28 300 (24 500–32 100) 26 900 (21 900–32 600) 24 000 (19 200–30 000) 123 (105–146) 95·2
Congo (Brazzaville) 3400 (2910–3940) 3240 (2770–3770) 2680 (2250–3170) 18·4 (16·0–21·0) 15·3 12 100 (10 900–13 400) 7540 (6410–8770) 5760 (4810–6890) 39·5 (33·7–46·1) 27·8
DR Congo 81 900 (71 700–93 100) 74 700 (62 800–88 800) 64 700 (53 500–79 500) 22·0 (18·7–26·3) 17·6 346 000 (311 000–385 000) 222 000 (187 000–263 000) 168 000 (141 000–205 000) 57·9 (49·2–69·1) 36·0
Equatorial Guinea 1090 (886–1300) 795 (589–1060) 683 (492–952) 17·7 (14·8–21·6) 14·4 3710 (3060–4430) 1890 (1420–2500) 1450 (1050–2010) 38·1 (31·9–46·3) 24·2
Gabon 1140 (921–1380) 797 (594–1070) 680 (487–952) 15·8 (13·2–19·0) 13·5 2940 (2370–3530) 1600 (1200–2110) 1300 (928–1810) 30·1 (25·3–36·4) 21·4
Eastern sub-Saharan Africa 424 000 (392 000–457 000) 378 000 (317 000–448 000) 353 000 (286 000–439 000) 24·9 (21·6–29·0) 20·6 1 450 000 (1 360 000–1 550 000) 941 000 (794 000–1 110 000) 814 000 (658 000–1 010 000) 58·3 (50·5–68·1) 41·1
Burundi 10 700 (8930–12 600) 11 100 (9470–12 900) 11 200 (9420–13 400) 24·0 (21·3–27·2) 19·3 43 300 (39 100–47 900) 32 100 (26 600–38 400) 29 700 (23 800–37 400) 65·4 (55·7–77·8) 42·7
Comoros 934 (763–1130) 553 (439–680) 469 (369–589) 27·9 (23·5–33·8) 22·0 2140 (1770–2560) 1050 (846–1290) 836 (663–1040) 49·8 (42·1–59·9) 35·2
Djibouti 864 (729–1020) 863 (693–1060) 750 (593–943) 21·2 (17·6–25·8) 17·2 2670 (2260–3130) 2080 (1680–2530) 1670 (1330–2080) 47·0 (39·4–56·9) 34·4
Eritrea 4510 (3690–5480) 4220 (3180–5620) 3870 (2800–5360) 19·3 (16·1–23·5) 15·7 16 000 (13 300–19 100) 11 300 (8600–14 800) 9400 (6860–12 900) 47·5 (39·8–57·5) 30·7
Ethiopia 144 000 (130 000–161 000) 110 000 (88 300–135 000) 97 900 (77 200–126 000) 26·6 (22·6–31·6) 21·5 426 000 (387 000–469 000) 229 000 (187 000–277 000) 190 000 (150 000–243 000) 52·4 (44·7–62·4) 34·6
Kenya 32 000 (27 700–36 400) 29 200 (23 900–35 100) 26 400 (21 200–32 300) 19·7 (16·8–23·1) 16·3 99 300 (89 300–111 000) 64 500 (52 900–76 800) 54 100 (43 700–65 700) 40·6 (34·6–47·7) 28·1
Madagascar 21 400 (18 500–24 600) 21 100 (17 000–25 600) 19 800 (15 900–24 500) 23·0 (19·4–27·7) 18·7 70 600 (61 900–79 800) 55 100 (45 200–65 800) 48 200 (39 100–59 000) 56·6 (48·1–67·7) 37·3
Malawi 19 500 (17 900–21 400) 14 700 (12 000–17 900) 13 700 (10 600–17 600) 25·0 (21·4–29·6) 19·6 80 000 (74 100–86 300) 38 600 (32 000–46 800) 31 800 (24 900–40 800) 59·1 (50·6–70·0) 39·6
Mozambique 34 600 (31 200–38 300) 30 400 (25 400–36 200) 29 000 (23 700–35 800) 25·8 (21·9–30·7) 20·2 130 000 (117 000–143 000) 88 900 (74 700–105 000) 76 500 (62 800–93 800) 69·4 (59·0–82·8) 47·0
Rwanda 11 100 (9090–13 100) 7490 (6050–8990) 7030 (5750–8640) 19·9 (17·5–22·8) 15·1 47 000 (42 900–50 900) 18 800 (15 300–23 200) 16 300 (12 600–21 200) 46·6 (39·6–55·8) 28·3
Somalia 20 800 (17 300–24 700) 25 800 (20 500–32 300) 27 000 (20 900–35 200) 30·9 (25·9–37·5) 25·2 77 700 (66 700–89 600) 81 300 (65 100–100 000) 80 600 (62 900–104 000) 95·4 (80·8–114) 67·6
South Sudan 13 200 (11 300–15 100) 13 300 (10 600–16 300) 12 000 (9670–14 900) 33·0 (28·0–38·8) 29·7 47 100 (41 100–53 200) 41 400 (33 500–50 200) 33 100 (26 800–40 600) 92·6 (78·9–108) 66·3
Tanzania 52 100 (46 700–57 900) 52 300 (42 700–63 600) 50 000 (39 300–63 700) 23·9 (20·4–28·3) 20·0 186 000 (171 000–202 000) 133 000 (110 000–161 000) 118 000 (93 200–150 000) 57·1 (48·9–67·7) 41·8
Uganda 42 600 (39 500–46 100) 43 000 (36 700–50 200) 40 800 (33 300–50 400) 25·6 (22·0–30·0) 21·9 163 000 (153 000–174 000) 107 000 (91 600–124 000) 91 700 (75 000–112 000) 58·4 (50·4–68·7) 43·3
Zambia 14 600 (12 900–16 400) 13 800 (10 900–17 500) 13 100 (9930–17 300) 21·1 (17·9–25·4) 17·4 62 300 (56 300–68 700) 36 000 (28 800–44 500) 31 500 (24 200–41 300) 51·8 (44·0–61·8) 35·8
Southern sub-Saharan Africa 45 700 (40 100–51 300) 41 000 (33 800–49 500) 35 900 (28 600–45 700) 21·4 (18·5–25·1) 19·9 128 000 (113 000–145 000) 83 800 (69 400–101 000) 70 700 (56 300–89 800) 42·0 (36·3–49·3) 36·0
Botswana 1200 (920–1510) 1070 (796–1430) 1000 (735–1380) 20·7 (17·5–25·0) 18·8 3360 (2710–4060) 2190 (1630–2880) 2000 (1460–2750) 41·3 (34·7–49·9) 36·0
Eswatini 746 (645–857) 557 (458–678) 506 (413–628) 16·9 (14·4–19·8) 14·8 3160 (2780–3570) 1680 (1390–2030) 1430 (1170–1760) 47·3 (40·4–55·3) 37·7
Lesotho 2330 (2010–2670) 1540 (1070–2080) 1350 (919–1840) 28·6 (22·1–36·2) 24·7 5890 (5230–6620) 3750 (3050–4560) 3030 (2370–3740) 64·4 (54·9–75·6) 52·8
Namibia 1260 (1100–1460) 1100 (845–1400) 1020 (767–1360) 16·2 (13·5–19·8) 14·3 3610 (3110–4200) 2480 (1930–3180) 2200 (1680–2900) 35·0 (29·6–42·2) 28·4
South Africa 30 300 (25 700–35 300) 25 300 (20 200–31 800) 21 400 (16 900–27 600) 20·7 (17·7–24·5) 18·5 80 600 (67 900–94 900) 47 100 (37 600–58 900) 38 500 (30 200–49 400) 36·9 (31·6–43·6) 29·7
Zimbabwe 9850 (8870–10 900) 11 400 (9280–14 000) 10 500 (8310–13 500) 23·4 (20·1–27·7) 22·1 31 600 (28 900–34 600) 26 600 (22 000–31 800) 23 600 (18 600–29 900) 52·4 (45·0–62·0) 45·8
Western sub-Saharan Africa 522 000 (483 000–563 000) 557 000 (487 000–643 000) 535 000 (448 000–644 000) 32·5 (29·3–36·4) 27·8 1 930 000 (1 820 000–2 040 000) 1 710 000 (1 490 000–1 960 000) 1 530 000 (1 280 000–1 860 000) 95·3 (84·7–109) 71·1
Benin 12 300 (10 200–14 900) 15 600 (12 700–18 700) 15 400 (12 600–19 100) 30·5 (26·4–35·6) 26·8 42 000 (38 800–45 700) 45 700 (39 000–53 300) 42 000 (34 300–51 500) 85·0 (73·8–99·3) 65·9
Burkina Faso 21 500 (18 400–24 700) 26 000 (20 800–32 200) 26 900 (21 100–34 500) 28·6 (24·2–34·4) 24·0 99 300 (89 400–109 000) 101 000 (83 800–122 000) 98 800 (78 300–125 000) 109 (93·0–129) 82·5
Cameroon 20 900 (18 200–24 100) 23 400 (18 200–29 300) 21 700 (17 100–27 000) 24·2 (18·5–30·7) 18·6 80 000 (72 300–88 000) 75 400 (62 100–89 300) 64 000 (52 500–77 200) 71·7 (61·2–84·0) 48·6
Cape Verde 226 (189–271) 135 (106–171) 103 (74·3–141) 9·46 (8·16–11·0) 7·65 647 (544–773) 246 (194–309) 187 (135–253) 17·0 (14·7–19·8) 11·6
Chad 18 200 (16 700–19 700) 23 600 (19 300–28 600) 25 400 (20 800–31 100) 32·2 (27·6–38·0) 26·9 76 600 (70 000–83 900) 84 600 (72 200–99 100) 85 600 (70 400–105 000) 113 (97·0–133) 83·2
Côte d'Ivoire 35 300 (28 800–42 100) 34 500 (27 600–42 300) 30 400 (24 500–36 900) 34·2 (27·9–41·4) 28·3 101 000 (90 700–112 000) 78 900 (66 800–92 500) 64 800 (54 300–77 100) 73·3 (62·8–85·6) 48·2
The Gambia 2020 (1730–2360) 1610 (1210–2110) 1410 (1030–1920) 19·4 (16·4–23·4) 14·7 5460 (4690–6260) 3330 (2550–4300) 2710 (1990–3680) 37·8 (31·9–45·5) 23·2
Ghana 24 100 (21 100–27 100) 21 600 (16 800–27 000) 19 800 (14 000–27 000) 23·1 (18·7–28·1) 19·5 66 800 (60 700–72 900) 52 900 (43 200–63 400) 44 300 (33 300–58 400) 52·2 (44·9–60·7) 40·5
Guinea 17 600 (16 100–19 200) 15 100 (12 000–18 700) 14 600 (11 600–18 200) 30·6 (26·4–35·4) 23·4 61 800 (56 100–67 700) 51 300 (43 000–60 800) 45 400 (36 400–55 800) 97·1 (83·8–112) 67·1
Guinea-Bissau 2700 (2300–3130) 2210 (1770–2720) 1980 (1630–2330) 31·5 (27·9–35·4) 24·3 8630 (7560–9700) 5280 (4280–6370) 4430 (3540–5420) 71·2 (60·7–83·0) 45·6
Liberia 5380 (4810–6020) 3650 (2820–4680) 3220 (2370–4420) 23·6 (20·0–28·3) 18·3 21 000 (19 300–22 800) 10 800 (8520–13 300) 8280 (6120–11 200) 60·9 (51·9–72·6) 37·8
Mali 29 400 (25 300–33 700) 36 400 (29 600–44 400) 38 000 (30 800–47 200) 39·5 (34·2–46·2) 32·0 104 000 (95 300–113 000) 111 000 (94 400–129 000) 110 000 (89 500–135 000) 118 (103–138) 86·2
Mauritania 3800 (3290–4370) 3100 (2610–3680) 2610 (2130–3270) 23·9 (21·3–26·9) 18·9 9230 (8260–10 300) 5860 (4790–7160) 4660 (3580–6100) 42·8 (36·6–50·8) 29·2
Niger 26 200 (23 100–29 500) 28 300 (23 600–33 800) 30 600 (25 900–36 200) 26·8 (23·6–30·6) 21·1 138 000 (125 000–153 000) 121 000 (101 000–143 000) 120 000 (99 500–147 000) 111 (94·5–131) 71·1
Nigeria 271 000 (239 000–305 000) 294 000 (247 000–350 000) 277 000 (224 000–346 000) 36·4 (31·7–42·3) 32·0 1 010 000 (936 000–1 080 000) 886 000 (760 000–1 030 000) 773 000 (628 000–957 000) 104 (90·6–120) 78·0
São Tomé and Príncipe 108 (92·1–125) 71·9 (55·3–91·2) 56·8 (41·0–77·4) 12·1 (10·2–14·3) 9·77 386 (333–441) 160 (124–203) 119 (87·0–161) 25·4 (21·4–30·0) 17·4
Senegal 13 900 (12 400–15 600) 12 900 (11 200–14 900) 11 700 (9750–14 100) 25·0 (22·5–27·9) 20·1 43 800 (40 600–47 300) 27 100 (23 400–31 400) 22 800 (18 400–28 600) 49·3 (42·8–57·6) 32·6
Sierra Leone 10 000 (8720–11 400) 8370 (6630–10 400) 8030 (6410–10 100) 28·6 (24·2–33·7) 20·8 39 100 (35 000–43 400) 32 500 (27 600–38 200) 28 100 (22 900–34 300) 102 (88·6–117) 67·7
Togo 7270 (6170–8540) 6710 (5610–7970) 5930 (4770–7340) 24·9 (21·4–28·8) 19·0 23 700 (20 900–26 600) 18 500 (15 400–22 300) 15 000 (12 000–19 000) 63·2 (53·9–75·3) 41·8

Count data are given to three significant figures. Data in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals. NMR=neonatal mortality rate. U5MR=under-5 mortality rate. SDI=Socio-demographic Index. GBD=Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study.

*

Reference scenario.

Subnational analyses are done in these countries and data is available in the appendix (p 109).