Table 8.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of theobromine following oral administration of 20 mg/kg caffeine in the presence and absence of rutaecarpine in rats. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.
| Theobromine (oral caffeine) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Cmax (μg/mL) | T1/2 (h) | MRTinf (h) | AUCinf (μg.h/mL) | Tmax (h) | AUCm/AUCp | ||||||
| Control | 3.16 ± 0.74 | % of control | 2.66 ± 0.22 | % of control | 5.96 ± 0.88 | % of control | 23.8 ± 3.8 | % of control | 4.00 ± 0.00 | % of control | 0.74 ± 0.03 | % of control |
| Zero hour | 2.12 ± 0.03* | 67% | 1.39 ± 0.68*** | 52% | 6.35 ± 0.60 | 107% | 9.1 ± 2.7 | 38% | 6.00 ± 0.00**** | 150% | 0.54 ± 0.07 | 73% |
| 3 h | 3.07 ± 0.43 | 97% | 1.26 ± 0.18*** | 47% | 3.20 ± 0.20*** | 54% | 14.2 ± 1.9** | 60% | 2.00 ± 0.00* | 50% | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 109% |
| 6 h | 5.86 ± 1.09*** | 185% | 1.22 ± 0.19*** | 46% | 2.65 ± 0.33**** | 44% | 21.0 ± 1.6* | 88% | 2.00 ± 0.00* | 50% | 1.06 ± 0.15** | 144% |
| 12 h | 4.91 ± 0.97* | 155% | 0.86 ± 0.15**** | 32% | 1.64 ± 0.18**** | 28% | 11.3 ± 2.4**** | 47% | 1.33 ± 0.58**** | 33% | 0.98 ± 0.08* | 132% |