Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of study cohort.
| Suspected LOS | IBI | Viral infection | No causative pathogen | Control group | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number n, (%) | 51 (100) | 25 (49.0) | 14 (27.5) | 12 (23.5) | 30 |
| Gestational age (weeks; median, IQR) | 39.9 (37.8 – 40.4) | 39.9 (37.3 – 40.4) | 39.4 (38.7 – 40.4) | 39.9 (37.2 – 40.3) | 38.9 (37.3 - 38.8) |
| Birth weight (g; median, IQR) | 3750 (3300 – 4305) | 4260 (3665 – 5095) | 3470 (3250 – 3965) | 3573 (2335 – 4118) | 4438 (3689 – 5014) |
| Gender, male (%, n) | 56.8 (n=29) | 64.0 (n=16) | 64.3 (n=9) | 41.7 (n=4) | 73.3 (n=22) |
| Delivery mode, vaginal delivery (%, n) | 80.4 (n=40) | 68.0 (n=17) | 85.7 (n=12) | 91.6 (n=11) | 56.6 (n=17) |
| Age at admission (days; median, IQR) | 45.0 (19.0 – 60.0) | 45.0 (15.5 – 61.5) | 44.0 (27.0 – 55.5) | 41.0 (6.8 – 66.0) | 44.5 (18.3 – 61.5) |
| Antenatal antibiotics (%, n) | 20.4 (n=15) | 40.0 (n=10) | 21.4 (n=3) | 16.7 (n=2) | 6.6 (n=2) |
| Previous antibiotic exposure* (%, n) | 19.6 (n=10) | 20.0 (n=5) | 14.3 (n=2) | 25.0 (n=3) | 16.7 (n=6) |
| At least one elder sibling (%, n) | 68.6 (n=35) | 60.0 (n=15) | 85.7 (n=12) | 66.7 (n=8) | 60.0 (n=12) |
| Fever >38°C/>37.5°C (%, n) | 94.1/100 (n=48/51) | 92.0/100 (n=23/25) | 100/100 (n=14/14) | 91.7/100 (n=11/12) | ◆ |
| Length of hospital stay (d; median, IQR) | 7.0 (4.0 – 12.0) | 11.0 (8.0 – 14.5) | 4.0 (2.8 – 7.0) | 5.5. (4.0 – 6.8) | 1.5 (1.0 – 3.0) |
| Antibiotic therapy (%, n) | 98.0 (n=50) | 100 (n=25) | 92.9 (n=13) | 100 (n=12) | ◆ |
| Duration of antibiotic therapy (days; median, IQR) | 7.0 (4.0 – 10.0) | 10.0 (7.0 – 14.0) | 3.5 (2.5 – 5.0) | 4.5 (4.0 – 6.8) | ◆ |
| Aciclovir (%, n) | 31.4 (n=16) | 24.0 (n=6) | 21.4 (n=3) | 50.0 (n=7) | ◆ |
IBI, invasive bacterial infection; IQR interquartile range; *antibiotic exposure for suspected but unconfirmed early-onset sepsis; ◆ exclusion criteria for controls or not applicable.