Table 3. Intervention Effects.

Variable	Model
	β (95% CI)	P value
Self-efficacy
Groupa	2.18 (−0.81 to 5.16)	.15
Timeb	1.68 (−0.68 to 4.03)	.16
Group × timec	1.06 (−2.38 to 4.49)	.55
Basic ADLs
Group	−0.18 (−1.22 to 0.87)	.74
Time	6.97 (6.08 to 7.87)	<.001d
Group × time	0.21 (−0.80 to 1.21)	.69
Instrumental ADLs
Group	−1.50 (−3.51 to 0.51)	.14
Time	2.62 (1.27 to 3.97)	<.001d
Group × time	1.27 (−0.87 to 3.40)	.25
Medication adherence
Group	0.88 (−0.57 to 2.32)	.23
Time	5.71 (1.00 to 10.42)	.02d
Group × time	−8.30 (−13.14 to −3.47)	.001d
Quality of life
Physical component score
Group	2.45 (−1.72 to 6.61)	.25
Time	0.18 (−2.32 to 2.68)	.89
Group × time	4.99 (0.29 to 9.69)	.04d
Mental component score
Group	3.13 (−0.64 to 6.90)	.10
Time	5.16 (1.76 to 8.57)	.003d
Group × time	0.57 (−3.52 to 5.06)	.80
Depression
Group	−0.71 (−1.94 0.53)	.26
Time	−0.59 (−1.58 to 0.42)	.25
Group × time	0.27 (−1.01 to 1.54)	.68
Outpatient clinic visits
Group	−0.78 (−2.29 to 0.71)	.30
Time	−1.71 (−3.86 to 0.45)	.12
Group × time	1.19 (−1.99 to 4.38)	.46
Private GP visits
Group	−0.49 (−1.72 to 0.75)	.44
Time	0.00 (−1.35 to 1.35)	>.99
Group × time	0.22 (−1.53 to 1.97)	.80

Abbreviations: ADLs, activities of daily living; GP, general practitioner.

^aGroup = intervention (reference: control).

^bTime = after intervention (reference: before intervention).

^cGroup × time = intervention × postintervention (reference: control × preintervention, control × postintervention, and intervention × preintervention).

^dP < .05.