Figure 5.

Bioconjugation strategies in photodiagnosis (PD) and therapy (PDT) of cancer. An ideal target, such as tissue factor (also known as CD142), should be commonly yet selectively expressed by multiple tumour compartments, including but not limited to cancer cells, cancer stem cells, and tumour vascular endothelial cells (VCEs), whereas it is negatively, minimally, or restrictedly expressed in normal cells. A potentially new bioconjugation strategy is the use of recombinant DNA techniques to produce fusion proteins that contain a targeting domain and a fluorescent protein PS simultaneously for targeted PD and PDT. Reproduced with permission from S. Gomez et al., Molecules; published by MDPI, 2020 [125].