Table 2.
Summary of main research studies on neurotrophic factors and increased dopamine expression in the context of PD. DP: brain dopamine. AVV: adeno-associated virus, TH: tyrosine hydroxylase, AADC: aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.
| Approach | Vector | Phase of Clinical Study | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| DP activity (TH) | AAV-TH | Animal Model: murine | [270,271,272,273] |
| DP activity (AADC) | AAV-AADC | Animal Model: murine (Phase I) | [274,275,276,277] |
| Neurotrophic genes (GDNF) | AAV-GDNF | Animal Model: murine and primate (Phase I and II) | [278,279] |
| Neurotrophic genes (GNDF) | Hematopoietic stem cell macrophages | Animal Model: murine | [280,281] |
| Neurotrophic genes (GNDF) | Encapsulated GDNF-secreting cells | Animal Model: murine | [282] |
| Neurotrophic genes (GNDF) | Cationic microbubbles | Animal Model: murine | [283] |
| Neurotrophic genes (GNDF) | Brain penetrating nanoparticles | Animal Model: murine | [284] |