Table 2.

Monoclonal antibodies approved for anti-IL6 and anti-TNFα therapy.

Name of the Drug	Target	Origin	Target Disease	Other Trade Names	Results of Anti-COVID-19 Trials	References
Tocilizumab	IL6R	Recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody	CRS Rheumatoid arthritis Giant cell arteritis Juvenile idiopathic arthritis CAR T cell induced cytokine storm	Actemra RoActemra	Insufficient evidence of efficacy	[111]
Sarilumab	IL6R	Human IgG1 monoclonal antibody	Rheumatoid arthritis	Kevzara	Unknown, preliminary results are positive	[112]
Левилимаб/Levilimab	IL6R	Human monoclonal antibody	Rheumatoid arthritis	Ilsira (Biocad)	Unknown, approved for clinical trials	[113]
Siltuximab	IL6	Human–murine chimeric monoclonal antibody	Multicentric Castleman disease; CAR T cell induced cytokine storm	Sylvant	Unknown, a candidate	[114,115]
Infliximab	TNFα	Chimeric murine/human IgG1	Rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	Remicade	Unknown, undergoing clinical trials (1) a positive effect; (2) mild formation of antibodies against the virus is observed; inflammation and multisystem dysfunction	[116,117,118,119]
Adalimumab	TNFα	Fully Human IgG1	Autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and psoriatic arthritis	Humira	Clinical trials are scheduled	[119]
Certolizumab-pegol	TNFα	Humanized, PEGylated Fab	Autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and psoriatic arthritis	Cimzia	Unknown, preliminary studies suggest lack of efficacy as well as risk factors	[120]
Golimumab	TNFα	Fully Human IgG1	Autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and psoriatic arthritis	Simponi	Unknown, preliminary studies suggest lack of efficacy as well as risk factors	[121]