Blockade of the DA D1 receptor significantly attenuated β-PEA-taking behavior in rats. (A) Experimental timeline for β-PEA self-administration after SCH23390 (0.02 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. (B–D) Number of infusions (B), active lever pressing (C), and inactive lever pressing (D) responses during β-PEA self-administration for a 2 h session under FR1 schedules. (E–G) Number of infusions, active lever pressing, and inactive lever pressing responses during the last three days of the training period of self-administration. (H,I) Effect of SCH23390 on the number of infusions (F) and active and inactive lever pressing responses (G) during β-PEA-taking behavior in self-administration. (H) Representative hatch marks indicate the infusion patterns of β-PEA followed by pretreatment with SCH23390. (I) Temporal changes in infusions followed by pretreatment with SCH23390. *** p < 0.001 vs. saline control group. SAL, saline; β-PEA, β-phenylethylamine. n = 6 per group.