Table 2.
Factors related to high affiliate stigma in caregivers of children with ADHD: Univariate logistic regression.
| Variable | High Affiliate Stigma |
|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | |
| Caregiver | |
| Age | 1.015 (0.987–1.044) |
| Male a | 0.591 (0.356–0.981) * |
| Marriage status of separation or divorce b | 1.445 (0.886–2.358) |
| Length of education | 0.981 (0.922–1.045) |
| High depressive symptoms c | 3.431 (2.274–5.178) *** |
| High problem-focused coping d | 0.471 (0.316–0.703) *** |
| High seeking social support d | 0.365 (0.243–0.548) *** |
| High changing cognition d | 0.388 (0.258–0.584) *** |
| High passive emotional coping d | 0.974 (0.656–1.445) |
| High less effective coping d | 1.989 (1.331–2.972) ** |
| High care/affection e | 0.346 (0.229–0.521) *** |
| High overprotection e | 2.525 (1.673–3.810) *** |
| High authoritarianism e | 1.546 (1.037–2.305) * |
| Children’s characteristics | |
| Boy f | 0.861 (0.525–1.413) |
| Age | 1.018 (0.957–1.083) |
| High internalizing problems g | 2.532 (1.691–3.790) *** |
| High externalizing problems g | 2.584 (1.725–3.870) *** |
| High ADHD symptoms g | 1.822 (1.224–2.710) ** |
ADHD: attention-deficit/hyperactivity. a Female as the reference; b marriage status of being married or cohabited as the reference; c low depressive symptoms as the reference; d low orientation of coping as the reference; e low adoption of child-rearing style as the reference; f girl child as the reference; g low symptoms as the reference. *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001.