Table 3.
Factors associated with HBV reactivation among 55 HBsAg-positive SLE patients.
| Predictors | Total (n = 55) Number (%) |
HBVr (n = 30) Number (%) |
Observed Period (Person-Year) | Crude HR (95% CI) |
p-Value | Adjusted HR 1 (95% CI) | p-Value | Adjusted HR 2 (95% CI) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis of SLE | |||||||||
| <40 years | 34 (61.82) | 18 (60.00) | 519.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.0 | |||
| ≥40 years | 21 (38.18) | 12 (40.00) | 122.2 | 2.85 (1.26–6.45) |
0.012 * | 5.30 (2.12–13.25) |
<0.001 * | 4.12 (1.68–10.08) |
0.002 * |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 11 (20.00) | 9 (30.00) | 92.8 | 1.00 | 1.0 | ||||
| Female | 44 (80.00) | 21 (70.00) | 549.1 | 2.41 (1.09–5.31) |
0.030 * | 2.11 (0.93–4.78) |
0.072 | ||
| Baseline ALT | |||||||||
| <20 IU/mL | 23 (41.82) | 9 (30.00) | 290.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| ≥20 IU/mL | 32 (58.18) | 21 (70.00) | 351.2 | 1.80 (0.82–3.93) |
0.142 | 2.44 (1.07–5.58) |
0.034 * | 2.73 (1.17–6.38) |
0.020 * |
| Baseline AST | |||||||||
| <20 IU/mL | 15 (27.27) | 7 (23.33) | 177.1 | 1.00 | |||||
| ≥20 IU/mL | 40 (72.73) | 23 (76.67) | 464.9 | 1.13 (0.48–2.67) |
0.775 | ||||
| GC | |||||||||
| No | 18 (32.73) | 5 (16.67) | 242.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 37 (67.27) | 25 (83.33) | 399.6 | 3.01 (1.15–7.88) |
0.025 * | 4.78 (1.72–13.28) |
0.003 * | ||
| GC ‡ ≥ 10 mg/day | |||||||||
| No | 23 (41.8) | 8 (26.7) | 313.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Yes | 32 (58.2) | 22 (73.3) | 328.2 | 2.58 (1.15–5.82) |
0.022 * | 3.68 (1.56–8.65) |
0.003 * | ||
| Drug group | |||||||||
| No treatment | 10 (18.18) | 3 (10.00) | 141.2 | 1.00 | |||||
| GC alone | 10 (18.18) | 7 (23.33) | 79.8 | 3.06 (0.79–11.89) |
0.107 | ||||
| ISD † alone | 8 (14.55) | 2 (6.67) | 101.1 | 0.93 (0.15–5.69) |
0.940 | ||||
| GC + ISD † | 27 (49.09) | 18 (60.0) | 319.9 | 2.52 (0.74–8.65) |
0.141 | ||||
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CI, confidence interval; GC, Glucocorticoid; HbeAg, Hepatitis B e antigen; HR, hazard ratio; ISD, immunosuppressive drugs. † ISD included hydroxychloroquine, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, etc. ‡ Values represent prednisolone equivalents. * p < 0.05. 1 Did not include GC ≥ 10 mg/day. 2 Did not include GC.