Table 4.

Crude and adjusted hierarchical models of the association between stunting in Yanomami children under five years old and short maternal height. Yanomami Indigenous Territory, Brazilian Amazon, 2018–2019.

Level	Variable	Crude PR (CI 80%)	p-Value	Adjusted PR (CI 90%)	p-Value
	Region/village of residence
	Ariabú	1		1
	Auaris	1.07 (1.06–1.27)	0.032	1.09 (0.97–1.22)	0.222
	Maturacá	1.07 (0.97–1.16)	0.385	1.04 (0.93–1.17)	0.563
1	Household wall type
	Wood/brick	1		1
	Clay	1.15 (1.05–1.26)	0.055	1.13 (1.01–1.26)	0.088
	Straw/no wall	1.20 (1.06–1.35)	0.053	1.19 (1.01–1.40)	0.082
	Gestational malaria
	No	1		1
	Yes	1.06 (1.07–1.25)	0.014	1.12 (1.01–1.25)	0.070 a
2	Place of birth
	Hospital/Casai	1		1
	Forest	1.10 (1.04–1.34)	0.092	1.17 (0.99–1.38)	0.118 b
	Primary Healthcare Center (in the villages)	1.11 (1.13–1.47)	0.015	1.26 (1.05–1.51)	0.041 b
	Age group (months)
	≤23	1		1
	24 to 59	1.08 (1.35–1.63)	0.001	1.48 (1.30–1.67)	0.001 c
3	Child’s caregiver
	Mother or father	1		1
	Other family member	1.06 (1.05–1.20)	0.034	1.10 (1.01–1.20)	0.080 d
4	Malaria treatment
	No	1		1
	Yes	1.06 (1.09–1.26)	0.007	1.05 (0.95–1.17)	0.412 e
	Child stunting (outcome)
	No	1		1
	Yes	1.34 (1.20–1.49)	0.001	1.22 (1.07–1.38)	0.012 f

PR = Prevalence Ratio; ^a Adjusted by wall-type. ^b Adjusted by wall-type and gestational malaria. ^c Adjusted by wall-type, gestational malaria and place of birth. ^d Adjusted by wall-type, gestational malaria, place of birth and age group. ^e Adjusted by wall-type, gestational malaria, place of birth, age group and child’s caregiver. ^f Adjusted by wall-type, gestational malaria, place of birth, age group and child’s caregiver to the interaction between wall-type and place of birth.