Figure 2.

The main epigenetic alterations in visceral adipose tissue associated with GDM. Epigenetic alterations and their effects on target genes are shown (see the text for deeper details). These findings explain in part the well-known pro-inflammatory status, decreased production of adiponectin and insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue. In tissue, solid line arrows indicate or up-regulation or down-regulation; in maternal circulation they indicate low or high circulating levels. Dotted arrows indicate associations. TNF-α: tumoral necrosis factor alpha; ADIPOQ: adiponectin; ERα: estrogen receptor alpha; GLUT4: glucose transporter 4.