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. 2021 Aug 31;18(17):9215. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179215

Table 1.

The study participants’ characteristics (N = 193).

Hemodialysis Group
Characteristics Overall Miss Group No Miss Group p-Value
n % n % n %
Sex 0.51
Man 118 61.14 31 57.41 87 62.59
Woman 75 38.86 23 42.59 52 37.41
Marital status 0.57
Single 18 9.33 4 7.41 14 10.07
Married 175 90.67 50 92.59 125 89.93
Education level 0.03
Elementary school or less 41 21.24 17 31.48 24 17.27
More than elementary school 152 78.76 37 68.52 115 82.73
Employment 0.26
No 120 62.18 37 68.52 83 59.71
Yes 73 37.82 17 31.48 56 40.29
Income 0.51
Low 107 55.44 32 59.26 75 53.96
Middle and high 86 44.56 22 40.74 64 46.04
Out-of-pocket medical expenses (% income) 0.78
≤10% 176 91.19 50 92.59 126 90.65
>10% 17 8.81 4 7.41 13 9.35
Place of residence 0.90
Rural 113 58.55 32 59.26 81 58.27
Urban 80 41.45 22 40.74 58 41.73