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. 2021 Sep 3;18(17):9323. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179323

Table 9.

Results of determinants of dynamic ecological efficiency in Africa.

a: Truncated Bootstrapped Regression Result b: Robustness Check Result via Tobit Regression
DSTFEE Coefficient DSTFEE Coefficient
InPGDP −0.0459 ***
(0.00498)
InPGDP −0.1019 ***
(0.0063)
InPGDP2 0.01112 ***
(0.000458)
InPGDP2 0.01459 ***
(0.00047)
InREC 0.00658 ***
(0.00109)
InREC 0.01162 ***
(0.00161)
InFDI −0.00298 **
(0.00112)
InFDI −0.00195
(0.00136)
InFDEV −0.00413 *
(0.00227)
InFDEV −0.00986 ***
(0.00291)
InTRADE 0.01445 ***
(0.00439)
InTRADE 0.01914 ***
(0.0055)
InIS 0.00096
(0.00313)
InIS −0.00276
(0.00408)
InURB −0.00169 **
(0.00387)
InURB −0.0089 *
(0.00469)
Constant 0.5589 ***
(0.03108)
Constant 0.89837 ***
(0.04004)

Note: In a, the coefficients have been bootstrapped. Standard errors in parentheses. * p < 0.10, ** p < 0.05, *** p < 0.01.