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. 2021 Apr 2;10(3):2102. doi: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2102

Table 1.

Comparison between high risk and low risk health care workers regarding demographic, clinical information, exposure information, and COVID-19 like symptoms (n=455).

Demographic characteristics All subjects Health care workers p
High risk group Low risk group
n=143 n=312
Age (mean ±SD) 32.8 ± 8.3 33.7 ± 8 32.4 ± 8.4 0.110
Gender (n, %)
    Male 239 (52.5%) 92 (64.3%) 147 (47.1%) 0.001*
Clinical history (n, %)
    Past surgical history 118 (25.9%) 59 (41.3%) 59 (18.9 %) <0.001*
    Past medical history 89 (19.6%) 30 (21%) 59 (18.9%) 0.606
    Hypertension 25 (5.5%) 11(7.7%) 14 (4.5%) 0.164
    Diabetes 9 (2.0%) 2(1.4%) 7 (2.2%) 0.726
    Asthma 19 (4.2%) 8 (5.6%) 11 (3.5%) 0.306
    Allergy 16(3.5%) 5(3.5%) 11 (3.5%) 0.988
    Other medical conditions# 25 (5.5%) 10 (7.0%) 15 (4.8%) 0.342
    Medication intake 99 (21.8%) 32 (22.4%) 67(21.5%) 0.828
Smoking history (n, %)
    Current smoker 24 (5.3%) 5 (3.5%) 19 (6.1%) 0.251
    Ex-smoker 62 (13.6%) 15 (10.5 %) 47 (15.1%) 0.187
Exposure information (n, %)
    Direct contact with the environment where the confirmed COVID-19 was cared for 187 (41.1%) 74 (51.7%) 113 (36.2%) 0.002*
    History of travelling in proximity with confirmed COVID-19 patient 100 (22%) 14 (9.8%) 36 (11.5%) 0.580
    Family member with COVID-19 diagnosis 24 (5.3%) 6 (4.2%) 18(5.8%) 0.486
    Family member with pneumonia diagnosis 11 (2.4%) 4 (2.8%) 7 (2.2%) 0.747
Symptoms compatible with COVID-19 in the past 2 weeks (n, %)
    Flu-like illness 108 (23.7%) 50 (35%) 58 (18.6%) <0.001*
    Wheezing 42 (9.2%) 15 (10.5%) 27(8.7%) 0.530
    Fever 61 (13.4%) 25 (17.5%) 36 (11.5%) 0.084
    Gastroenteritis 96 (21.1%) 34(23.8%) 62(19.9%) 0.343
    Sore throat 133 (29.2%) 61(42.7%) 72(23,1%) <0.001*
    Muscle aches 81(17.8%) 34(23.8%) 47(15.1%) 0.024 *
IgG seroprevalence
    +VE 36 36 (7.9) [5.8-10.8] 1,0.7 35,11.2 <0.001*

#Liver disease, renal disease, cancers and autoimmune and other immunological disorders

*statistically significant.